Immunology: Cell Components

Question 1

What is secreted by the innate immune system?

Answer 1

Lysozymes, CRP, defensins, complement

Question 2

What is secreted by the adaptive immune system?

Answer 2

Immunoglobulins

Question 3

What is the MHC?

Answer 3

Major histocompatibility complex (1 and 2)- encoded by the HLA genes and present the antigen to the T and B cells

Question 4

Which MHC are CD8 and which are CD4?

Answer 4

MHC 1 have one letter: HLA-A,B,C, and MHC 2 have two letters (DQ, DP, DR), MHC 1 binds TCR and CD8 and MHC 2 binds TCR and CD4

Question 5

What are natural killer T cells?

Answer 5

lymphocytes in the innate immune system

Question 6

What is IPEX

Answer 6

immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked. Genetic deficiency of FOXP3, get autoimmunity, enteropathy, endocrinopathy, nail dystrophy, autoimmune derm conditions

Question 7

What are the APCs

Answer 7

B cells, dendritic cells, langerhans cells, macrophages

Question 8

Which immunoglobulin crosses the placenta?

Answer 8

IgG

Question 9

What does IgE do?

Answer 9

bind mast cells and basophils. Mediates type 1 hypersensitivity (allergen)- release of histamine

Question 10

What is C1 esterase deficiency?

Answer 10

causes hereditary angioedema. increase kallifrein, increased bradykinin, decreased C4

Question 11

What do you get with decreased C1-C4? C5-C9?

Answer 11

c1-4- increased pyogenic sinus infections, c5-9 increased neisseria bacteremia

Question 12

What is X-linked Bruton agammaglobulinemia?

Answer 12

BTK gene- no B cell maturation (in Boys)-no live vaccines, low IgG (increased bacterial and enteroviral infections after 6 months (after maternal IgG decreases)

Question 13

What is IgA deficiency?

Answer 13

Not sure of cause. Most common immunodeficiency. Asymptomatic. Can have atopy, autoimmune disease. Increased risk giardia. Airway and GI infections.

Question 14

What is Common variable immunodeficiency?

Answer 14

Error in B cell differentiation. Usually presents after 2 years of age. Decreased plasma cells and Immunoglobulins. Have sinopulmonary, autoimmune, bronchiectasis.

Question 15

What are the B cell disorders?

Answer 15

1. X-linked Bruton agammaglobulinemia
2. IgA deficiency
3. Common variable immunodeficiency

Question 16

What are the T cell disorders?

Answer 16

1. Thymic aplasia
2. IL-12 receptor deficiency
3. Autosomal dominant hyper-IgE (Job syndrome)- FATED
4. Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis

Question 17

What are the B and T cell immunodeficiencies?

Answer 17

1. SCID
2. Ataxia-telangiectasia
3. Hyper IgM syndrome
4. Wiscott Aldrich syndrome

Question 18

Of T cell and B cell deficiencies, which produces more viral and which produces more bacterial infections?

Answer 18

T cell deficiencies is more viral and B cells are more bacterial infections

Question 19

What does syngeneic mean?

Answer 19

Syngeneic means from clone or genetically the same