Immunology

Question 1

what do keratinocytes produce when they sense cell surface receptors?

Answer 1

AMPs
cytokines
chemokines

Question 2

what are langerhan cells?

Answer 2

they are APCs which present to CD8+ and CD4+ T cells

Question 3

where are CD8+ and CD4+ T cells present in the skin?

Answer 3

epidermis and dermis

Question 4

what immune cells are present in the skin?

Answer 4

keratinocytes
macrophages
neutrophils
mast cells

Question 5

define hypersensitivity

Answer 5

immune response that causes collateral damage to self

Question 6

define allergy

Answer 6

person’s immune system reacts to a normally harmless substance in the environment

Question 7

examples of type 1 hypersensitivity reactions

Answer 7

urticaria
angioedema
anaphylaxis

Question 8

investigations for type 1 hypersensitivity reactions

Answer 8

history
IgE
skin prick
challenge test
serum mast cell tryptase (anaphylaxis)

Question 9

management of type 1 hypersensitivity reactions

Answer 9

allergen avoidance
antihistamines
corticosteroids
adrenaline
sodium cromoglycate
immunotherapy
medic alert bracelet

Question 10

type 3 reaction example

Answer 10

arthus reactions

Question 11

type 4 hypersensitivity reaction example

Answer 11

allergic contact dematitiis

Question 12

management of type 4 hypersensitivity reactions

Answer 12

avoidance
emollients
topical steroids
phototherapy
immunosuppressants