Immunology

Question 1

What is a Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction? Example?

Answer 1

Immunoglobulin E-mediated reaction (IgE)
[Allergic]

Examples: Bee-sting, latex, penicillin allergy

Question 2

What is a Type 2 hypersensitivity reaction? Example?

Answer 2

Cytotoxic, Antibody-dependent (IgG or IgM reacts with cell-bound antigen)

Example: Hemolytic reaction, ABO incompatibility, Hyperacute graft rejection,, myasthenia gravis, Goodpasture syndrome

Question 3

What is a Type 3 hypersensitivity reaction? Example?

Answer 3

antigen-antibody complexes/IgG/IgM mediated deposits

Example: Acute hepatitis causing rash and arthralgia, Serum sickness-like syndrome, SLE, polyarteritis nodosa, hypersensivitiy pneumonitis

Question 4

What is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction? Example?

Answer 4

Delayed reaction mediated by T-cells (CD4)

Example: chronic graft rejection, PPD test, Poison ivy, nickel allergy

Question 5

What is a type V hypersensitivity reaction?

Answer 5

receptor-mediated autoimmune disease

Question 6

Ipilimumab

Mechanism?

Answer 6

Anti- CTLA-4 drug (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated antigen-4)

Question 7

Pembrolizumab

Mechanism?

Answer 7

Anti-PD-1 (programmed death-1)

Question 8

Trametinib & binimetinib

Mechanism?

Answer 8

Anti-MEK drug that selectively inhibits the mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway

Question 9

Dabrafenib & Vemurafenib

Mechanism?

Answer 9

ANti-BRAF drug that selectively inhibits mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway)