Immunology Flashcards
Hematopoieses
Body’s ability to regulate, produce, and develop blood cells
Self recognition
The body’s ability to know self from non self
Homeostasis
Body’s ability to maintain a balance of blood cell supply
Immune surveillance
Implies the recognition and destruction of malignant or altered cells
Blood cell development begins with what cell
The pluripotent stem cell
What does the pluripotent stem cell divide into
Undifferentiated stem cells that are committed to either being a lymphoid or a myeloid
The myeloid cell line produces what?
Monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes
What is developed from a lymphoid cell line?
B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes
This functions as antigen-presenting cells for naive T cells
Dendritic cells
NK cell function
To identify and destroy virus infected cells and certain tumor cells
Auxiliary cells do what?
They are mediators or inflammation that play a pivotal role in attracting leukocytes towards a site of infection
Primary lymphoid organs do what?
Allow for the maturation of lymphocytes including antigen receptors
What is agglutination?
The result of complement products that make the outer coatings of invading cells sticky. In the process agglutination can change the structures of some viruses, making them non virulent
What happens in first stage of the inflammatory response?
The release of vasoactive amines from basophils, eosinophils, and mast cells
What is humoral immunity?
The first type of acquired immunity that is associated with B cell activity
Describe a monocytes/macrophage
Distributed throughout the tissue and are capable of phagocytosis
What does the B cell produce
Antibodies specific to antigen
Mast cell or basophils releases what?
Histamine and chemotactic factors
What does a NK cell have the unique ability to do?
Release a substance that triggers lysis of the invading cell
What type of phagocyte is particularly effective against large extra cellular parasites?
Eosinophil polymorphs
What cytokines limits the spread of certain viral infections, is produced early in response to infection, and offers the first line of viral resistance?
Interferons
What is innate immunity?
It is a cascade of mechanisms that occur before onset of infection
What is passive immunization?
The transfer of antibodies from an immunized individual to a nonimmunized individual (pregnancy)
How do tumor cells evade immune systems?
The loss of the ability to express antigens on tumor cells allows for the rapid and uncontrolled growth of tumors because immune cell response is altered
