Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Dermatology > Immunology > Flashcards

Immunology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What 4 aspects of the skin contribute to the immunological system

A

Structure
Cell types
Cytokines, chemokines etc
Genetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Does the innate immunity require memory

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Does the adaptive immunity require memory

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe a normal immune response

A

Infection is controlled by the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe hypersensitivity

A

Overreaction to antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe immunodeficiency

A

Infection not controlled and tumours may form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe autoimmunity

A

Reaction to host tissue

Chronic inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the keratin layer’s main function

A

Physical barrier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the keratin layer also known as

A

The Stratum Corneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Patients with psoriasis have high levels of antimicrobial peptides. True or False

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What type of cells are structural and functional cells of the epidermis

A

Keratinocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What type of cells produce antimicrobial peptides

A

Keratinocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of cytokines and chemokines in the epidermis

A

To recruit and regulate cells of the adaptive and innate immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What type of cell are Langerhans cells

A

Dendritic cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are Langerhans cells characterised by

A

The Birbeck granule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What do APCs process

A

Lipid antigens and microbial fragments and present them to effector T cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Healthy skin contains a low number of T lymphocytes in both the epidermis and dermis. True or false

A

No healthy skin contains a large number of T cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

T cells found in the epidermis are mainly what kind of T cells

A

CD8 T cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What type of T cells are found in the dermis

A

CD4 and CD8 cells

20
Q

TH1 cells are involved with what condition

A

psoriasis

21
Q

TH2 cells are involved in what condition

A

atopic dermatitis

22
Q

TH17 cells are involved in what condition

A

Both psoriasis and atopic dermatitis

23
Q

Where are T cells produced

A

Bone marrow

24
Q

Where are T cells sensitised

A

The thymus

25
Q

What 2 types of dendritic cells are found in the dermis

A

Dermal DC

Plasmacytoid DC

26
Q

What cells are the effectors of IgE-mediated immune responses

A

Mast cells

27
Q

Binding of what causes activation of the mast cell and release of inflammatory mediators

A

IgE

28
Q

Name some skin conditions associated with inappropriate immune responses

A 
Psoriasis
Atopic dermatitis 
Bullous pemphigoid
contact dermatitis
Urticaria
Systemic lupus erythematosus 
Skin infections
Skin tumours
29
Q

What triggers psoriasis

A

Environmental factors in genetically susceptible individuals

30
Q

What is often affected as well as the skin in patients with psoriasis

A

Nails and hair

31
Q

In what age group is atopic eczema most common

A

Children

32
Q

Give 4 examples of acquired immunodeficiency

A

AIDS
Malignancy
Aging
Diabetes

33
Q

What type of reaction is a hypersensitivity reaction

A

Type 1

34
Q

What immunoglobulin controls Type 1 reactions

A

IgE

35
Q

What type of antibody is mediated in type 2 and 3 reactions

A

IgG and IgM

36
Q

What type of reaction is important in what 2 things

A

Autoimmunity and transplantation

37
Q

Skin testing in type 3 hypersensitivity leads to what

A

Arthus reaction (slower than type 1 but faster than type 4)

38
Q

What cells mediate type 4 hypersensitivity reactions

A

TH1 cells

39
Q

Give 2 examples of reactions that are type 4

A

Tuberculin reaction and contact allergy

40
Q

In type 1 hypersensitivity reactions, where does IgE bind to?

A

FceR1 receptor on mast cells

41
Q

WHat are 2 common allergens that result in a type 4 hypersensitivity reaction

A

metals such as Nickel and chromate and drugs

42
Q

What 3 major things contribute to the skins immune response

A 
Organ transplant (immunosuppression)
sunlight/ UV
Ageing (changes in structure)
43
Q

What two things does the skin immune surveillance system do

A

Protect against infection and skin tumour development

44
Q

What does immunodeficiency result from?

A

An inadequate immune response

45
Q

Name the 4 main cell types involved in the epidermis

A

Keratinocytes
Langerhans cells
T cells
Melanocytes

46
Q

Name 6 cell types involved in the dermis

A 
Dendritic cells
Macrophages
T cells 
Natural killer cells
Fibroblasts
Lymph / vasculature

Dermatology (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions