Immunology

Question 1

Plasma proteins generate a ________ pressure and this is used to _____ the fluid in the blood stream

Answer 1

colloid osmotic pressure, keep

Question 2

normal differential blood count is ____ white blood cells and _____ red blood cells

Answer 2

75% and 25%

Question 3

Thrombopoietin is released from the

Answer 3

liver

Question 4

Red blood cells come from _____ then ____ and then its an ________

Answer 4

eyrythroblast, reticulocyte and erythrocyte

Question 5

Liver stores excess iron as

Answer 5

ferritin

Question 6

____ converts hemoglobin to bilirubin

Answer 6

spleen

Question 7

liver metabolizes bilirubin and excretes it as

Answer 7

bile

Question 8

What are the causes of Anemia

Answer 8

low production of red blood cells or high removal of red blood cells

Question 9

Polycythemia is when

Answer 9

too high hematocrit production, high viscosity and oxygen isnèt having enough time to be released to the tissues

Question 10

Macrophages eat pathogens and then present antigen receptors onto the MHC __

Answer 10

2

Question 11

NK cells kill cells that do not have MHC ____

Answer 11

1

Question 12

MHC 1 is a marker of a _____

Answer 12

self cell

Question 13

T-Helper cells bind to MHC ___ and antigen of macrophages, dendritic cells and B cells

Answer 13

2

Question 14

Antimicrobial proteins include:

Answer 14

interferons alpha and beta and complement

Question 15

Complement proteins cause

Answer 15

lysis (MAC), opsonins, release cytokines, cause inflmmation

Question 16

The classical pathway start at ___ and need antibodies _____

Answer 16

C1, IgG and IgM

Question 17

The lectin pathway starts on _____ with protein____ with _____ on the pathogen and does not require _____

Answer 17

polysaccharide cell wayy, C4 MBL antibodies

Question 18

The alternative pathway starts at ___ on the ___ surface and C3 convertase is cleaved by factor ___ and then ____

Answer 18

C3b, microbial, B, D

Question 19

All three pathways meet at ___

Answer 19

C3b

Question 20

C3b activates

Answer 20

opsonisation

Question 21

C3a, C5a activates

Answer 21

inflammation

Question 22

C5b-C9 activates

Answer 22

MAC

Question 23

In a secondary immune response you are going to have ___ response and ___ antibodies and the response is going to ____ _______.

Answer 23

faster, antibodies, last longer

Question 24

IgG is the _____ and can be transferred across the _____

Answer 24

most common, placenta

Question 25

IgM is the first to be secreted in response to a ______ and cause antigen ___ and _____

Answer 25

anew pathogen, clumpin, complement

Question 26

IgA is present in ___, ____ and ______

Answer 26

tears, saliva and breast milk

Question 27

IgE fights _____ and attaches to ____ to release _______

Answer 27

parasites, mast cells, histamine

Question 28

IgD on B cells with ____

Answer 28

IgM

Question 29

Blood Type A has A antigen surface and anti B antibodies and takes blood from ___ and aggulates with ____ and ___

Answer 29

A and O, B Antigen, anti-A antibodies

Question 30

Blood Type B has B antigen surface and anti A antibodies and takes blood from _____ and aggulates with _____ and ______

Answer 30

B and O, anti B antibodies and a antigen

Question 31

Blood type AB has A & B surface antigens and aggulates with

Answer 31

NO ONE

Question 32

Blood type O has anti A & B antigens and aggulates with _____

Answer 32

all blood types, and can only take from O

Question 33

People who are Rh- _____ have anti-D antibodies

Answer 33

do not

Question 34

Being Rh+ is _____ and they have _______

Answer 34

dominate, anti-D antibodies

Question 35

Hemophilia A is a lack of factor

Answer 35

8 - so blood clotting is hard to do

Question 36

Hemophilia B is a lack of factor

Answer 36

9

Question 37

THe classical, lectin and alternative pathways all meet at

Answer 37

C3 convertase

Question 38

The Intrinsic Pathway and the Extrinsic pathway all meet at the

Answer 38

common pathway

Question 39

The common pathway starts at factor

Answer 39

10