All Flashcards
Chemoreflex ensures that CO2 elimination via the lungs
equals the production in the tissues
Carbonic anyhydrase assists the conversion of CO2 to
carbonic acid
What is dyspnoea?
is the different between stretch receptor feedback and chemoreceptor feedback
if there is a blood hemorrhage in the heart the pressures in the right/left ventricle/atria
all increase
What happens to heart rate with internal bleeding?
heart rate is higher than before to maintain normal blood flow to the brain
the delay between QRS complexes and ventricular systole is required for
excitation-contraction coupling process
Someone has severe internal bleeding they will have a ____ in plasma protein osmotic pressure because protein-free interstitial fluid will have moved into ____
decreased, capillaries
increase of Ang 2 constrict ____ arterioles and ___ GFR
efferent, increases
increased plasma ADH provokes ____ permeability of tubular epithelial cells of the nephron.
greater
How do you calculate creatinine clearance?
Ccr = Ucre. * Urine volume /plasma cre.
How do you calculate GFR via Inulin?
GFR = Urine inulin * Urine flow (or formation) / plasma inulin
during exercise, the increase in sympathetic output causes increased production of ?
aldosterone and vasopressin
Health cell count in hematocrit for white blood cells
<1%
Neutriphils are the ____ abundant white blood cells
most
Basophils are the _____ abundant white blood cells
least
Eosinophils are good defense agianst ____ and release ___
parasites, granuales
Cells involved in the innate immune system are ?
neurtophils, basophils, mast cells and eosinophils
cells involved in acquired immunity are
T-cells, dendritic cells
Cells involved in both the innate and acquired immune systems are?
B cells, antibodies, NK, macrophages
What are the end products of fat digestion?
monoglycerides and free fatty acids
Slow, deep breathing
lowers venous admixture, increases arteriol oxygen saturation, decreases end-inspiration intrapleural pressure, reduces airway resistance to flow
When you vomit steadily your body fluids tend to become more
alkaline
Sustained diarrhea generally _____ your body fluids
acidifies
If you drink 1 liter of distille water the interstitial compartment receives a ______ volume than the plasma does. and the concentration of plasma proteins and NaCl —-
greater, decreases
the stomach is divided into 3 main regions:
the fundus, the body and the antrum
Within the enterocyte, a small porportion of fructose is converted to
glucose
Cholecystokinin stimulates
pancreatic secretions
Digestion and absorption of fat requires re-esterification of ____ and _____ into triglycerides
monoglycerides and free fatty acids.
