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Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

Scientist who discovered cross-immunity

A

Edward Jenner

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2
Q

Scientist who discovered phagocytosis

A

Elie Metchnikoff

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3
Q

Scientist who discovered monoclonal antibody

A

George Kohler and Cesar Milstein

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4
Q

Scientist who discovered antibody structure

A

Gerald Edelman and Rodney Porter

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5
Q

Scientist who discovered specificity of serologic reaction (SSR)

A

Karl Landsteiner

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6
Q

Scientist who discovered antibody diversity

A

Susumu Tonegawa

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7
Q

Reason behind the complement pathway name “classical pathway”

A

1st to be studied (or first discovered in 1900)

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8
Q

Skin, mucous membrane, secretions, normal flora

A

1st line of defense

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9
Q

Mast cells, neutrophils, macrophages

A

2nd line of defense (cellular)

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10
Q

Complement, lysozyme, interferon

A

2nd line of defense (humoral)

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11
Q

3rd line of defense

A

Adaptive immunity / antibodies

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12
Q

NK cells and phagocytes. What type of immunity

A

Innate / natural / nonspecific cellular immunity

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13
Q

Complement and lysozymes. What type of immunity

A

Innate / natural / nonspecific humoral immunity

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14
Q

B cells, plasma cells, T cells. What type of immunity

A

Adaptive / acquired / specific cellular immunity

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15
Q

Antibodies and cytokines. What type of immunity

A

Adaptive / acquired / specific humoral immunity

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16
Q

Infection. What type of immunity

A

Active natural

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17
Q

Vaccination. What type of immunity

A

Active passive

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18
Q

Colostrum. What type of immunity

A

Passive natural

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19
Q

Infusion of serum/plasma. What type of immunity

A

Passive artificial

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20
Q

HLA-A, -B, and -C. What HLA class

A

HLA Class I

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21
Q

HLA-DN, -DO, -DP, -DQ, -DR. What HLA class

A

HLA Class II

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22
Q

C2, C4, TNF, Factor B. What HLA class

A

HLA Class III

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23
Q

Alpha chain + B(2) microglobulin

A

HLA-I

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24
Q

Alpha chain + Beta chain

A

HLA-II

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25
Q

B cell, antigen presenting cell. What HLA

A

HLA-II

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26
Q

HLA that presents antigen to CD8

A

HLA-I

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27
Q

HLA that presents antigen to CD4

A

HLA-II

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28
Q

Immunoglobulin with monomer structure in the serum, dimer in the secretory

A

IgA

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29
Q

Pentamer immunoglobulin

A

IgM

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30
Q

Molecular weight of IgM

A

900k Da

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31
Q

Sedimentation coefficient of IgM

A

19S

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32
Q

IgG serum half life

A

23 days

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33
Q

Immunoglobulin best in complement fixation

A

IgM

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34
Q

IgG best in complement fixation

A

IgG 3

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35
Q

IgG best in crossing the placenta

36
Q

Recurrent pyogenic infections and glomerulonephritis. What complement deficiency

37
Q

Complement associated with autoimmune diseases

38
Q

Disseminated neisserial infections. What complement deficiency

A

C5, C6, C7, C8

39
Q

Hereditary angioneurotic edema (HANE). What complement deficiency

40
Q

PNH (paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria). What complement deficiency

A

DAF (decay accelerating factor)

41
Q

Most severe complement deficiency

42
Q

Most common complement deficiency

43
Q

IgE. What hypersensitivity reaction

44
Q

IgG and IgM. What hypersensitivity reaction

A

Type II and Type III

45
Q

T cells. What hypersensitivity reaction

46
Q

Immediate and anaphylactic hypersensitivity reaction

47
Q

Delayed and cell-mediated hypersensitivity reaction

48
Q

Effector cells are basophil and mast cells. What hypersensitivity reaction

49
Q

Effector cells are T-cells and macrophage. What hypersensitivity reaction

50
Q

Deposits of Ag-Ab complexes. What hypersensitivity reaction

51
Q

Penicillin, hives, asthma, itching, hay fever. What hypersensitivity reaction

52
Q

Serum sickness, Arthus reaction, SLE, RA. What hypersensitivity reaction

53
Q

Poison ivy, contact dermatitis, tuberculin/mantoux test. What hypersensitivity reaction

54
Q

Grave’s disease and Myasthenia gravis. What HLA

55
Q

HLA-B27

A

Ankylosing spondylitis

56
Q

Celiac disease and Type I DM. What HLA

A

HLA B8, -DQ2, -DQ8

57
Q

HLA-DR4

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

58
Q

HLA-DR3

59
Q

Anti-smooth muscle antibody (ASMA) is associated with

A

Chronic active hepatitis

60
Q

Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody

A

Goodpasture syndrome

61
Q

Anti-microsomal antibody

A

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

62
Q

Anti-mitochondrial antibody

A

Primary biliary cirrhosis

63
Q

Anti-DNP, Anti-CCP, Rheumatoid factor

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

64
Q

Anti-dsDNA, Anti-Smith

A

Systemic lupus eythematosus

65
Q

Anti-Scl-70

A

Scleroderma / sclerosis

66
Q

Anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)

A

Wegener’s granulomatosis

67
Q

Anti-myelin sheath antibody

A

Multiple sclerosis

68
Q

Tumor marker: Placental ALP

A

Lung cancer

69
Q

Tumor marker: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)

A

Hepatocellular and testicular cancer

70
Q

Tumor marker: Bence-Jones protein (BJP)

A

Multiple myeloma

71
Q

Tumor marker: CA-125

A

Ovarian cancer

72
Q

Tumor marker: CA-153, CA 549, HER-2/neu, Cathepsin-D

A

Breast cancer

73
Q

Tumor marker: CA 19-9

A

Colon / gastric / pancreatic cancer

74
Q

Tumor marker: Calcitonin

A

Familial medullary thyroid carcinoma

75
Q

Tumor marker: CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen)

A

Breast and colorectal cancer

76
Q

Tumor marker: CYFRA 21-1

A

Lung or breast cancer

77
Q

Tumor marker: hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)

A

Testicular cancer

78
Q

Tumor marker: NPA, BTA

A

Urinary bladder cancer

79
Q

Hyper IgE, eczema, recurrent skin and lung infections are characteristics of

A

Job’s syndrome

80
Q

200 - 499 / uL CD4 count. What stage of HIV infection

A

Stage 2 (intermediate)

81
Q

Normal CD4 T-cell count

A

500 - 1300 / uL

82
Q

<200 / uL CD4 count. What stage of HIV infection

A

Stage 3 (advanced)

83
Q

Most common immunodeficiency

A

Selective IgA deficiency

84
Q

Absence of B cells and all immunoglobulins

A

Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia (x-linked hypogammaglobulinemia)

85
Q

Triad of thrombocytopenia: SMALL platelets, eczema, and immunodeficiency

A

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS)

86
Q

Absence of thymus gland and T cells

A

DiGeorge syndrome

Recalls (8 decks)

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