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Immunology > Immunology 1 > Flashcards

Immunology 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the primary lymphoid organs?

A

Thymus and bone marrow

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2
Q

Name 4 secondary lymphoid organs

A

Tonsils
Lymph nodes
Spleen
Peyers patches

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3
Q

What are peyers patches?

A

Lymphoid tissue in wall of small intestine

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4
Q

What is the lamina propria?

A

Mucose associated secondary lymphoid tissue- thin layer of connective tissue below epithilium

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5
Q

How long does a lymphocyte spend in an organ before it recirculates?

A

1-2 days

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6
Q

How do lymphocytes leave peripheral tissue?

A

They drain out of tissue as tissue fluid via the lymphatics system to the lymph nodes (afferent lymphatics)

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7
Q

How do lymphocytes return to the blood from the lymph nodes?

A

Out of lymph nodes via efferent lymphatics and back to blood mainly via thoracic duct

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8
Q

Name the polymorphonuclear leucocytes

A

Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils
Mast cells

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9
Q

Name the granulocytes

A

Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils

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10
Q

Example of anti microbial secreted mediators

A

Antibodies, complement proteins

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11
Q

Name regulatory/inflammatory mediators of immunity

A

Cytokines and histamine

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12
Q

What two things does the innate system recognise?

A

Pathogen associated molecular patterns (pamps) eg. Viral ds DNA and pathogen recognition receptors ( PRRs) eg toll like receptors

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13
Q

What is an antigen?

A

Anything that is recognised by a lymphocyte

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14
Q

What is the first immune response after skin is cut?

A

Immediate local innate response- complement proteins and macrophages

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15
Q

What is the early induced response?

A

Innate/inflammatory: inflammatory mediators from complement macrophages and mast cells attract leucocytes and serum proteins

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16
Q

What happens during the later adaptive response?

A

Antigen carriage by dendritic cells or freely in lymph fluid results in lymphoid tissue activation of T and B lymphocytes and antibody recirculation to site of infection

17
Q

How long does it take for the adaptive immune response to kick in?

A

5-7 days

18
Q

What is the response to extra cellular infection?

A

Complement proteins, phagocytes and antibodies

19
Q

What is he response to intercellular vesicular infection?

A

Helper t-cells if macrophage can’t digest it alone

20
Q

Intra-cellular cytosolic infection? Eg viruses

A

Interferon proteins, natural killer cells and cytotoxic cells

21
Q

What is immunopathology

A

Diseases involving defects in or inappropriate activity of the immune system

Immunology (8 decks)

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