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Microbiologie > Immunogenicity > Flashcards

Immunogenicity Flashcards

1
Q

Immunologenic substance and antigenic substance are…… But it’s more appropriate to use immunogenic terms to describe state in which a substance……..
And antigenic term used when the substrate…..

A

Closely related term
Induce immune response
Able to react with immune response product

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2
Q

All immunogenic substance are……
But not all ……. Are immunogenic

A

Antigenic

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3
Q

…..is example of antigenic substance and lack….

A

Hapten
The immunogenicity

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4
Q

…..as potent immunogenic then…..
…… And….. Are not immunogenic unless they coupled with……. Or…..

A

Protein , polysaccharide
Lipid and nucleic acid
Protein or polysaccharide

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5
Q

First of all any substance induce immune response must be recognize as…..

A

Non self material

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6
Q

The extent of immunogenicity is depending on….

A

The extent of foreignness

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7
Q

BSA is………in cow and……in goat and……in rebbit And chicken

A

Non immunogenic
Less immunogenic
More immunogenic

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8
Q

Collagen and cytochrome are……….

A

Highly conservative molecules
Showing Very small immunogenicity through different species

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9
Q

……. And…….. Exhibit greater immunogenicity even in their original species when they injected into the host

A

Sperm and cornea

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10
Q

Processing and presentation of antigen on MHC enhance development of………..

A

Humoral antibody and cellular immunity

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11
Q

Large molecules which poorly engulfed and presented by phagocytes are…

A

Poorly immunogenic

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12
Q

Quantity and quality of immune response after introducing of antigen depending on…….

A

Genotype of the host

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13
Q

Région in MHC responsible on……

A

Variations in immunological response

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14
Q

MHC which presenting the antigen to B and T cells thus affecting……….

A

Quantity and quality of the response

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15
Q

Any genatic variation in gene of T and aB cell receptor will combined with…….

A

Variations in immune response

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16
Q

The booster dose which mean……

A

Repeated exposure to same immunogenic substance over period of weeks augment the immune response and increase effector cells proliferation and production of effector cells

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17
Q

Adjuvant

A

It’s substance augment the immune response to antigen when mixed with it

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18
Q

Adjuvant used in 2 situation

A

When antigen has low immunogenicity
When antigen available in small amounts

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19
Q

Adjuvant enhance the immune response by

A

Persistence of antigen for long periods time
Enhance co stimulatory signal of Tcell activation
Enhance the local inflammatory reaction
Encouragement of non specific proliferation of lymphocytes

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20
Q

Example of adjuvant

A

Aluminium potassium sulphate ALUM

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21
Q

Super antigen

A

Protein produced by bacteria and viruses able to activate T cell regardless antigen specificity

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22
Q

Super antigen causing….. Activation of T cell

A

Polyclonal

23
Q

Epitopes or antigenic determinants

A

Effector cells and molecules of immune system react again specific site in immunogen

24
Q

T and B cell may recognize…… in same immunological molecules

A

Different epitopes

25
Q

Réorganisation of antigenic molecules by adaptive immunity occur through

A

Antibody MHC and T cell receptor

26
Q

Immunoglobulin

A

Referred to immunity related protein

27
Q

All immunoglobulin have the ….. Structure but….in … ..

A

Same
Differ in antigens binding sites

28
Q

2 form of intibody
Immunoglobulin

A

Membrane bound from
Secretory form

29
Q

Membrane bound from play important roles in…….. of adaptive immunity

A

Recognition phase

30
Q

Secretory form represent the ..

A

Effector mechanism of humoral immunity

31
Q

Each immunoglobulin molecules has basic structure of……

A

Two identical heavy chain and two identical light chain

32
Q

…… Link light chain to heavy chain

A

Disulfide bonds

33
Q

Both heavy and light chain formed of units of… .. each unit about. . In length and form globular part named…..

A

Amino acids
110 amino acid
Domain

34
Q

…….. Formed of amino end variable region V of both……….

A

Antigen binding sites
Heavy and light chain

35
Q

Constant region formed of. …. Which mediates the…….

A

Carboxy end of heavy chain
Biological functions of immunoglobulin

36
Q

Each heavy chain consists of……..

A

Variable region and constant region

37
Q

Variable region of heavy chain formed of……. And constant region formed of…..

A

One domain
Three domain

38
Q

Light chain consists of…..

A

Two domain one in variable region and the one in constant region

39
Q

Variability of amino acid sequence in variable region responsible on…….. which produced by….

A

Diversity of immunoglobulin
Different B clones

40
Q

Most of difference in immunoglobulin are limited in three short part in variable region of both heavy and light chain named……….

A

Hyper variable segment and formed of 10amino acid

41
Q

The surface of hyper variable region form….
The hyper variable region also called…..

A

Complementary site
Complementary determining region

42
Q

Molecular movement between constant heavy chain domain 1 and constant heavy domain 2 responsible on…… this….. Region called……

A

Flexibility of immunoglobulin
Flexib
Hinge region

43
Q

Two types of light chain….. And…… Which can difference between them by……

A

Kappa and lamda
Amino acid sequence in constant region

44
Q

…. has the longest half Life
….. has the shortest half Life

A

IgG
IgE

45
Q

Immunoglobulin molecules divided into…… types with subtype depending on…..

A

Five main
Type of heavy chain

46
Q

…. Has the highest concentration in the serum
…… has the lowest concentration in the serum

A

IgG
IgD

47
Q

The immunoglobulin can be cleaved into structural and functional fragments by…….

A

Proteolytic enzymes

48
Q

Papain enzyme cleaves the immunoglobulin at….. into..

A

Hinge region
Three fragments

49
Q

Two of the 3 fragments….to each other and consist of….. associated with part of……
This part maintain the…… and called….

A

Identical
Complete light chain
Heavy chain
Capacity to bind antigen
Fab

50
Q

Third fragments consisting of… …
This part of immunoglobulin has tendency to………so called….

A

Two identical disulfide linked heavy chain
Self association and crystallization
FC

51
Q

Pepesin enzyme cleavages action on the immunoglobulin is limited to……… generating…. And

A

Carboxy end of hinge region
Antigen binding fragments with hinge region
And intact inter chain disulfide bond this fragments called F(ab2)

52
Q

Fab and F(ab2) are….. Because they can bound antigen without….

A

Sutible experimental tool
FC dependent biological functions

53
Q

Large space or area between epitopes of monovalent antigen will lead to……. between antibody and antigen despite……. between single antigenic binding sites of antibody and single epitopes of monovalent antigen

A

Low avidity interaction
High affinity interaction

54
Q

When antigenic epitopes are close to each other and both antigen binding site of antibody interact with it
This called……..

A

Higher avidity or bivalent interaction

Microbiologie (16 decks)

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