Fungi Flashcards
Unlike bacteria
Unlike plant
Cell wall
Eukaryotic
Lack property of photosynthesis
Chitin
Fungal disease usually…..
Chronic
Classification depending on morphology
1 yeast unicellular produced by budding
2 mold multicellular filamentous
3 dimorphic fungi mostly pathogenic
Branching cylindrical tubules
Hyphe
Mass of interwined hyphe called
Mycelium
Hyphe divided into….. And other ….
Septate
Non septate
Parasitic form seen in
Tissu, exudates, or enriched media at 37
Seen as yeast
In nature or if grown at 25 exis as
Mold (mycelia)
Why it’s difficult to make antimycotic therapy
Because drugs that inhabit the synthesis of DNA and RNA or protein in fungal may have the same effect on human cells
Fungal cell wall.
Rigid cell wall of…
Chitin
Fungal membrane contain……. Where as mammalian cells contain……
This difference is the basic for…
Ergosterol
Cholesterol
Fungal sensitivity to intimycotic agent
Asexual spores formed by….
Modification of hyphe
Pityriasis versicolore or……. Caused by…….
Tinea versicolor
Malassezia furfur mould septate hyphae
Disease of pityriasis versicolor
Infected area recognized by..
Dépigmentation of infected skin may be accompanied by itching
By discoloration
Diagnosis of
Pityriasis versicolor
Tinea versicolor
Microscopic examination koh
Treated skin scraping
The lesion of pityriasis versicolor appear fluorescence yellow orange under…….. Lesion found in……
Wood light
Trunk and arms
Tenia Nigra….
Brown to black macular lesion usually on the hands and feet and the causative agent fungus found in soil and environment
Piedra is infection of……. Caused by…….. And……….
Scalp hair
Piedraia hortae and Trichosporon Beigelii
p.hortae is a dark pigmented……. cause….., Small brown black modules are formed on……..
Dark coloured thick…….
Mould
Black piedra
Hair surface
Hyphae
Trichosporon Beigelii is not…… Infect………. Causing…….
White nodules are formed having………
Dark coloured
Course of hair (axillary, facial, genital)
White piedra
No pigmented hyphae
Diagnosis of peidra
Microscopic examination koh
p.hortea show dark coloured branching thick septete hyphae+Ascospores sexal
Trichosporon Beigelii show soft white or pale brown hyphae+arthrospores
Another name of cutaneous mycosis
Dermatophytosis
Ring worm
Tinea
Ring worm affect……
Keratinized tissue of nails and hair and skin
…. Infect skin and hair and nails
….infect skin and hair not nails
….infect skin and nails
Trichophyton Rubrum
Microsporum
M.canis
Tenea corporis
Ring worm occur any where on the body
Tinea pedis
Athletes foot
Toe webs and sole of feets
Tinea unguium
Onchomycosis
Infections of nails
Tinea manuum
Infections of hands
Tinea capitis
Affect scalp of children transmitted by comb in school going children
Tinea cruris
Jock itch
Infections of groin, perineum, perianal
Tinea barbae
Ring worm of bearded area on face
Skin ring worm common in ……
Moist sweaty skin folds
Obisity increase susceptibility to infection beneath breast and tight clothes help infection in groin
Maceration and moisture help setting infections between……
Toes (athletes foot)
Lab diagnosis of tinea
Skin scraped from advancing edge (septete hyphae)
Dermatophytes fluoresce seen under u.v light (wood lamp)
Treatment of ring worm
Tinea
Topical therapy
Tolneftate,Naftifne,clotrimazole.miconazole
Oral therapy griseofulvin or ketoconazole or allylamine (nails bed infections)
Subcutaneous mycosis
Introduced by injury through the skin
Involved subcutaneous tissue،lymphatic tissue, and nearby tissue
Rarely spread to distan organ
Etiology of sporotrichosis
Sporothrix schenckii
Dimorphic fungi
Cigar shaped yeast in tissue
Sporothrix schenckii is……. found in soil in decaying organic matter. Acquired by….
Ubiquitous saprophytes
Traumatic inoculation through skin of
Gardeners, farmers
Pathology of sporothrix schenckii
Pyogenic and granulomatous inflammation
Skin lesions of sporothrix schenckii begin as……
……. Is most often involved
…… Later………..
Painless papule
Hand
Papule
Ulcerate, draining lymph channels thickened or firm nodules
Diagnosis of Sporothrix schenckii
Specimens
Direct microscopic examination
Culture sda,bhia
In sporothrix schenckii
Koh preparation usually…….. Due to…..
Negative
Small number of fungi
Asteroid bodies in the lesion of……
Sporothrix schenckii
Is central fungus cell surrounded by refractile esinophilic halo called
Splendor hoeppli phenomenon due to complex deposition around the organisms
Culture of sporothrix schenckii
Septate hyphae
Very thin carry flower like cluster of small conidia
Treatment of sporothrix schenckii
Itraconazole
Sever amphotericin B
Chromoblastomycosis?
Chronic warty mycosis of the skin and subcutaneous tissue cused by Phialophora and cladosporium genera which are pigment producing filamentous fungi
Chromoblastomycosis occur in…..or….. Appear as….. that develop after several years into………
Extension is…. And…… And doesn’t involve…..
Foot or legs
Papule
Flat scaly or warty like structure under the feet like tips of Cauliflower
Slow
Painless
Lymphatic vessels
Lab diagnosis of chromoblastomycosis depending on…
Culture and isolation
In chromoblastomycosis
Diagnosis
Organisms are called……….. Fungi because they grow as………
The pigment accumulates in the mycelia cell wall in culture and in tissue……
Dematiaceous
Black colonies
Sclerotic bodies
Treatment of chromoblastomycosis
Surgery and antifungal therapy
Itraconazole , amphotericin B and fluorocytosine
Mycetoma is……..
It characterised by………
It’s typically affect the………..
Predominantly occur in……
Chronic granulomatous disease of the skin and subcutaneous tissue which sometimes involve muscle bone and neighboring organ
Tumefaction, abscess formation, and fistulae
Lower extremities
Farm workers
Mycetoma swelling is ….. And contain……
…… Containing small granules….
Is discharge through….. Which opens on the skin surface
Nodular
Sinuses
Mucopus
Colonies
Sinuses
Diagnosis of mycetoma
Specimens exudates from sinuses And biopsy from granules
Culture
Treatment of mycetoma
Surgical excision
Ketoconazole 1,3 years
Actinomycetes mycetoma respond to antibiotics and sulphonamide
