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BMS3052 > Immunity > Flashcards

Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

List the three autoantigenic targets in ANCA glomerulonephritis

A

MPO, PR3 and LAMP-2

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2
Q

What is the autoantigenic target in anti-GBM glomerulonephritis?

A

Collagen IV NC1 domain (a3(IV)NC1)

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3
Q

What is the autoantigenic target in Lupus nephritis?

A

Nuclear histones as well as others

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4
Q

What is a major short-term consequence of type 1 diabetes?

A

Ketoacidosis

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5
Q

Is MHC I up-regulated or down-regulated in type 1 diabetes?

A

Up-regulated

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6
Q

What is the autoantigenic target in multiple sclerosis?

A

Myelin

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7
Q

Which T cells are involved in multiple sclerosis?

A

TH1, TH17

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8
Q

What is a common therapy type for rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Anti-TNF therapies

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9
Q

How many people start treatment for permanent kidney failure each year?

A

2500

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10
Q

What is the GFR?

A

120ml/min

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11
Q

What is the daily urine output?

A

1-20L/day

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12
Q

What are the two types of cell-mediated immune mechanisms in glomerular injury?

A

i) Effector Th1 or Th17 cells recognise intrinsic or planted antigen
ii) CD8 cells recognise antigens with MHC-I on intrinsic cells.

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13
Q

Which type of hypersensitivity if predominantly seen in anti-GBM nephritis?

A

Type II (antibody-antigen)

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14
Q

Which type of hypersensitivity in seen in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus?

A

Type III (immune complex)

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15
Q

Which type of hypersensitivity is seen in Crescentic GN?

A

Type IV (cell-mediated effectors)

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16
Q

What pattern of staining in seen in anti-GBM nephritis?

A

Linear, ribbon-like

17
Q

What pattern of staining is seen is lupus nephritis?

A

Granular

18
Q

What predominantly makes up crescents?

A

Fibrin and proliferating endothelium cells

19
Q

How do mesangial cells contribute to GN?

A

have macrophage-like functions, e.g. cytokine, ROS release, matrix production

20
Q

How do endothelial cells (podocytes) contribute to GN?

A

Cytokine, ROS release, altered permeability

21
Q

What is the current gold-standard treatment for GN/autoimmune disease?

A

Cyclophosphamide, a prodrug of phosphoramide mustard.

22
Q

Which autoimmune diseases can Rituximab (anti-CD20) be used for?

A

Rheumatoid arthritis, ANCA-GN

BMS3052 (6 decks)

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