Immunity Flashcards
____ is deleterious effects of hypersensitivity to environmental (exogenous) antigens
Allergy
___ is disturbance in the immunologic tolerance of self antigens
Autoimmunity
___ immune reaction to tissues of another individual of same species
Alloimmunity
___ ___ is a reaction insufficient to protect the host against pathogens from foreign cells
Immune deficiency
____ is Altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease or damage to the host
Immediate hypersensitivity reactions like anaphylaxis or severe and systemic or cutaneous
Delayed hyper sensitivity reactions: contact dermatitis due to poison ivy
Hypersensitivity
Type ___ is mediated by IGE and product of mast cells. Most common allergic reactions are this type or environmental
** hypersensitivity types
Type 1
Type ___ is tissue specific reactions.
*hypersensitivity types
Type 2
Type ___ is immune (ANTIGEN ANTIBODY) complex mediated
*hypersensitivity types
Type III
Type ___ is CELL MEDIATED. (tc or cytokine producing Th1)
Type IV (4)
Type 1 hypersensitivity
IgE mediated
Against environmental antigens (allergens)
IgE binds to Fc receptors on mast cells “sensitized”
Histamine release
Know
Manifestations of type 1 hypersensitivity
GI allergy: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain
Skin manifestations: urticaria (hives)
Mucosa allergens: conjunctivitis
Lung allergens: bronchospasm, edema, thick secretions.
Most common type one reaction ** asthmatic reaction**
Know
____ people who are genetic predisposes to develop allergies are described as
They produce more IgE
Atopic
Type 2 hypersensitivity
Specific cell or tissue is the target of immune Response
Cell is destroyed by antibodies and complement
Cell destruction through phagocytosis
Soluble antigen may enter the circulation and deposit on tissues
**ADCC is what you seen in an acute transplant rejection **
Target cell malfunction (Graves)
Know
Type ___ hypersensitivity is immune complex mediated. Formed in CIRCULATION. Later deposited in vessel walls or extra vascular tissues
*** Not organ specific
Neutrophils Bind to antibody and complement in attempted phagocytosis
Large amounts of Lysosomal enzymes are released causing tissue damage
*raynauds phenomenon
Type 3 hypersensitivity
Type ___ hypersensitivity involves cell mediated reactions, does not involve antibody. Delayed response, you won’t see a reaction until 24-72 hours after exposure.
Ex TB skin test & RA
Type 4 hypersensitivity
Type 1,2,3 hypersensitivity are antibody mediated and type 4 is cell mediated.
Know
____ is environmental antigens that cause atypical immunologic response. Most common reaction and almost always a type 1
Allergy
___ is when my new quantities of the allergen are injected in increasing doses over a prolonged period
Hope to reduce sensitivity to allergic reaction
Desensitation
___ results from genetic, environmental, and random factors. Breakdown of tolerance, infectious disease (rheumatic fever, glomerulonephritis) Neoantigen new protein that forms on CA cells important for immune response
Autoimmunity