immunisation are used in the control of communicable diseases Flashcards
What is immunisation
Immunisation is the process of making a person immune to a disease, usually by using a vaccine.
What is artificial immunity
Immunity that is given through medical intervention, like vaccines, instead of being gained naturally from an infection
What is a vaccine
A vaccine contains a small, harmless part of a germ (like a dead or weakened virus) that teaches the immune system to fight it.
How do vaccines work
The vaccine is injected.
White blood cells make antibodies.
Memory cells are formed.
If the real germ enters later, the body quickly attacks it before illness occurs.
What are communicable diseases
Diseases that can spread from person to person, like measles, the flu, or COVID-19.
How does immunisation help control communicable diseases?
It reduces the number of people who can get or spread the disease, helping to protect everyone — even those who aren’t vaccinated (herd immunity).
What is herd immunity?
When enough people are immune to a disease, it stops spreading and protects those who aren’t immune.
