Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Infection Erin > Immunisation and Prophylaxis > Flashcards

Immunisation and Prophylaxis Flashcards

1
Q

What are the different types of vaccines

A 
Live attenuated 
Inactivated (killed)
Toxoid vaccine 
Subunit of micro-organism 
- purified microbial product 
- recombinant
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Examples of live attenuated vaccines

A 
MMR 
BCG 
Varicella-zoster virus 
Yellow fever
Smallpox
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Examples of Inactivate vaccines

A 
Poli 
HBA
Cholera (oral)
Rabies
Japanese Encephalitis
Tick-borne encephalitis 
Influenza
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is herd immunity

A

The resistance to the spread of a contagious disease within a population that results in a sufficiently high proportion of individual being immune to the disease (commonly through vaccination)

I.e because so many people are immunised those who are contagious are unlikely to come into contact with someone who is not immunised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What type of vaccine is HBV

A

Recombinant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a live attenuated vaccine?

A

Vaccines which use a weekend/attenuated form of the organism which causes the disease

Beware in those who are immunocompromised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are inactivated vaccines

A

Used the killed (inactivated) form of the micro-organism which causes the disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a Toxoid vaccine

A

Use a toxin from the organism and treat it with formula to make a toxoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Give an example of a toxoid vaccine

A

Diptheria

Tetanus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a recombinant vaccine

A

A recombinant vaccine is a vaccine produced through recombinant DNA technology. This involves inserting the DNA encoding an antigen (such as a bacterial surface protein) that stimulates an immune response into bacterial or mammalian cells, expressing the antigen in these cells and then purifying it from them.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What creates the stronger and faster response in secondary response?

A

Immunological memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

2 ways in which we can gain adaptive immunity

A

Though natural exposure
Or
Through artificial exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What 2 natural ways can we gain adaptive immunity

A

Passive (from maternal)

Active (infection)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 2 artificial ways in which we can gain adaptive immunity

A

Passive (transfer of antibodies - someone else antibodies)

Active (immunisation - we make our own antibodies)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe the steps to making the HBV vaccine

A

DNA segment coding for HBsAg is removed from HBV
It is then purified and mixed with plasmids from bacterial cells
This new genetically enigineered plasmid is then inserted into yeast cells
These yeast cells producing the HBV antibodies are then grown
The HBsAg is produced
This is then removed from the yeast cells and used to create the HBV vaccine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the 2 surface proteins on the influenza virus

A

H and N

17
Q

How often is there a new influenza vaccine

A

Every year

18
Q

Why is there a new influenza vaccine every year

A

because the virus is constantly changing its antigenic structure

19
Q

How many doses of the influenza vaccine do you receive

A

Single dose

20
Q

Who is influenza vaccine CI in

A

Those with an egg allergy

21
Q

Who gets the influenza vaccine

A 
Age>65yrs 
Nursing home residents 
Some healthcare workers 
Immunodeficiency
Immunosuppression 
Chronic liver disease
Chronic renal disease
Chronic cardiac disease
DM 
Coeliac disease
Pregnant women 
Health care workers
22
Q

What does the BCG prevent

A

TB

23
Q

Who is given the BCG

A

New immigrants (previously unvaccinated)
Contacts of rest TB patients
Healthcare workers

24
Q

Who is given the HBV vaccine

A 
All new born children from 2018 )part of 6 in 1)
Children at high risk of exposure 
Healthcare workers 
PWID 
MSM 
Prisoners 
Chronic liver disease
Chronic kidney disease
25
Q

Who is given the Herpes Zoster (shingles) Vaccine

A

All elderly patiens (70-80yrs)

26
Q

What types of vaccine is the shingles vaccine

A

Live attenuated

27
Q

Which diseases does the 6 in 1 vaccine protect against

A 
Diptheria 
HBV
Tetanus 
Polio 
Haemophilus influenza type B 
Pertussis (whooping cough)
28
Q

When is the 6 in 1 vaccine given

A

8, 12 and 16 weeks (2,3,4 month)

29
Q

What is the child immunisation schedule at 2 months

A

6 in 1
+ Pneumococcal conjugate
+ rota virus
+MEN B

30
Q

What is the Child immunisation schedule at 3 months

A

6 in 1 vaccine

+ rota virus

31
Q

What is the child immunisation schedule at 4 months

A

6 in 1
+ Pneumococcal conjugate
+ Men B

32
Q

What is the chid immunisation schedule at 1 year

A

Hib/MEN C
+ MMR
+ Pneumococcal conjugate
+ MEN B

33
Q

What is the childhood immunisation schedule between 2-8 year

A

Influenza nasal

34
Q

What is the child immunisation schedule between 3-5 years

A

4 in 1 booster

+ MMR

35
Q

What vaccine are 12-13yr girls given

A

HPV

36
Q

Which vaccine is given at 14yrs

A

3 in 1 booster

+ MEN C

37
Q

Who is the Pneumococcal Conjugate Polysaccharide Vaccine given to

A

Part of childhood immunisation programme
3 doses given
(2 months, 4 months and 1yr)

38
Q

What are the 2 pneumococcal vaccines

A

Pneumococcal Conjugate Polysaccharide Vaccine (13 serotypes)

Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine (23 serotypes)

Infection Erin (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions