Immunisation and prophylaxis Flashcards
What are the main antibodies in the antibody response to infection which we can detect
IgG - rises after IgM but stays raised for longer
IgM - rises initially but comes down as the patient recovers
What is the difference between live vaccine and killed vaccine
Live vaccines get a bigger immune response and don’t require as many doses
What is a live attenuated vaccine
A weakened version of the virus is given
What is an inactivated vaccine
Killed virus
What is in a subunit of micro-organism vaccine
Only part of the micro-organism - normally antigen
What are examples of live attenuated vaccines
MMR
BCG
varicella-zoster virus
yellow fever
small pox
typhoid
polio
rotavirus
What are examples of inactivated vaccines
D/T/P/HIB
Hep a
CHOLERA
RABIES
ENCEPHALITIS -both japanes and tick-borne
Influenza
What is a detoxified exotoxin vaccine
The virus has a toxin which is detoxified and turned into a toxoid e.g diptheria and tetanus
What are examples of subunit vaccines
Pertussis
haemophilus influenza type B
meningococcus
pneumococcus
typhoid
anthrax
hep B
What is the 6 in one vaccine
D/T/aP/IPV/HIB/HBV vaccine
what is the uk Childhood immunisation schedule
2 months - 6 in one + rotavirus +MenB
3 months - 6 in one + rotavirus + pneumococcal conjugate
4 months - 6 in one + Men B
Who is the BCG vaccine given to
Areas of UK with high rates of TB
Immigrants from high areas of TB
healthcare workers
Why is there a new influenza vaccine made every year
Because antigenic shift and drift occur every year
What is human normal immunoglobulin
Contains antibodies against Hep A, rubella and measles
Used in immunoglobulin deficiency
Treatment of myasthenia gravis
What is prophylaxis
Medication given to prevent an infection
