Immune Response Flashcards
1
Q
1st line of defense (generalization)
A
- non-specific
- Physical
- Surface protection that keep microbes from getting into the body
1. Skin
2. Lysozymes
3. HCl
4. Cilia
2
Q
2nd line of defense (generalization)
A
- Non-specific
- Chemicals that comes immediately into play if things makes it past the 1st line
- Include macrophages, neutrophils, and monocytes
- Cell-mediated immunity
3
Q
3rd line of defense (generalization)
A
- Specific
- Antibodies that are developed uniquely for each microbe through action of specialized WBC’s
- Antibody-Mediated Immunity
- Lyphocytes : B cells and T cells
4
Q
HCl
A
- Stomach Acid
- Destroy invading microbes carried in food
5
Q
Skin
A
- Protective barrier
- Acidic enough to inhibit growth of microbes
6
Q
Lysozymes
A
- Enzymes produced in tears, salvia, mucus, and perspiration
- Destroy cell walls of bacteria
7
Q
Cilia
A
- Found in respiratory tract
- Trap microbes and foreign debris
- Cough/sneeze to expel
8
Q
Role of monocytes in 2nd line of defense
A
- Move into tissues and become macrophages and phagocytose foreign invaders
- Extend protrusions(pseudopods), that attach to surface of invading microbe and engulf and destroy it bu enzymes
9
Q
Role of neutrophils in 2nd line defense
A
- Move into infected tissues by a process called chemotaxis
10
Q
Define Chemotaxis
A
Chemical signals given off by cells that have been damaged by microbes and eat microbe and damaged WBC
11
Q
Pus
A
Remaining fragments of protein, dead WBC and digested invaders
12
Q
Inflammatory Response
A
- Initiated by tissue damage due to physical injury
- A non-specific immune system response resulting in swelling, redness, heat and pain
13
Q
Fever
A
- System wide defense to more severe damage or infections
- When neutrophils or macrophages digest invaders, they release chemicals which go to your brain and increase your temperature, which kills invaders
- Makes it difficult for harmful bacteria to survive
14
Q
B cells
A
- Mature in bone marrow
- B cells
- Memory B cells
15
Q
T cells
A
- Mature in thymus gland
- Helper T cells
- Killer T cells
- Suppressor T cells
