Immune Response Flashcards
- defense of the body against disease causing agents like transplant, blood transfusion, autoimmune, allergies, AIDS
- specific or non specific
Immunity
- block the entry or spread of the disease
Non specific response
- very specific
- tailored to individual treat
- antibody mediated ( B cells) and cells mediated (T cells)
Specific
the individual’s own immune system is the cause of the immunity
active immunity
- Present at birth
- Non specific
- Does not become efficient upon the second exposure to same organism
- skin, mucous membrane, phagocytes, natural killer cell, inflammatory response, interferon, complement, fever
Innate Immunity (Non Specific Immune Response)
immunity is transferred from another person or an animal.
passive immunity
antigens are introduced through natural exposure
natural (active immunity)
antigens are deliberately introduced in a vaccine.
artificial (active immunity)
antibodies from the mother are transferred to her child across the placenta or in milk
natural (passive immunity)
antibodies produced by another person or an animal are injected
artificial (passive immunity)
- Following certain infection
- Antigen and antibody reaction
- B lymphocytes humoral /antibody mediated immunity
- T lymphocyte cell mediated immunity
Acquired (Adaptive/Specific) Immune Response
Types Of Mature Lymphocytes
- T Cell
* helper T cell
* cytotoxic T cell
* suppressor T cell - B Cells
- (+) other T cells
helper T cell
- attack the infected cells, virus, cancer cells, foreign body
cytotoxic T cell
- Involved in humoral immunity
- Primary immune response
- Secondary immune response
B Cells
- terminate normal immune response
Suppressor T cell
Immunogloblin classes
- IgG
- IgA
- IgM
- IgE
- IgD
o 75% of Ig
o All ____ are monomers
o crosses the placenta
o weakly activates the complement system
o most abundant
IgG
o 15% of Ig
o Serum ___ found in secretions is a dimer
o major class of Ig in secretions – tears, saliva colostrum, mucus
IgA
o 7-10%
o largest size
o exists as a pentamer
o most potent activator of complement system
o first Ig to be made by the fetus
IgM
o less than 1% of Ig
o exists as a monomer
o mediates allergic and parasitic reaction
o does not fix Ig to be made by the fetus
IgE
o < 1% exists only as a monomer
o main Ab on the surface of lymphocytes of newborn
IgD
