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nplex > immune high yield > Flashcards

immune high yield Flashcards

1
Q

stages of infxn

A

attachment
replication
spread
shedding/elimination

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2
Q

endotoxins

A

lipopolysaccharides

gram - and listeria monocytogenes

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3
Q

exotoxins

A

proteins
more toxic
all major gram+ except listeria
gram - (vibrio cholera, e coli, subgroups)

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4
Q

nosocomial vs iatrogenic

A

nosocomial: institute given
iatrogenic: provider given

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5
Q

host response to chronic viral infxn

A

reduced # circualting lymphocytes

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6
Q

host response to acute viral infxn

A

lymphocyte proliferation (inc)
reduction of PMNeutrophils in circulation
NK and cytotoxic T cells kill infected cells
infx cells produce interferons
humoral response > IgM/IgG

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7
Q

host response to acute bacterial infxn

A

inc neutrophils

lymphocyte dec

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8
Q

host response to chronic bacterial infxn

A

dec neutrophils

inc monocytes

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9
Q

fungal infxn

A

delayed hypersensitivty, cell mediated

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10
Q

bridge between nonspecific and specific immunity

A

phagocytes/APC

macrophages, monocytes, PMNs, eosinophils

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11
Q

temperature is

A

sum total of all mitochondrial activity

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12
Q

temp brain center

A

ant hypothalamus

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13
Q

what inc set point temp

A

pyrogens (cause of fever); inc production of IL-1 > hypothalamus

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14
Q

what dec set point temp

A

aspirin, via inhibiting cyclooxygenase

steroids

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15
Q

t cells mature in the

A

thymus

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16
Q

spleen role in immunity

A

detains and inactivates/kills antigens

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17
Q

mucosa/GALT role in immunity

A

enteroendocrine, IgA, peyer patch

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18
Q

t cell type of immunity

A

cell mediated

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19
Q

specific immunity cells

A 
neutrophils
monocytes(blood)/macrophages(tissues)
basophils
eosinophils
Blymphocytes
Tlymphocytes
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20
Q

B vs T cells

A

B cells: antibody immunity

T cells: CMI

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21
Q

compliment two pathways

A

classical (activated by antibody-antigen AGAB rxn)

alternate: goes AROUND AG/AB rxn, activates compliment cascade in middle (ct C3 locus) w/o AGAB rxn

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22
Q

alpha IF are made by what cells

A

leukocytes

23
Q

alpha IF actions

A

inhibits cell (tumor) proliferation, enhances NK growth

24
Q

beta IF are made by what cells

A

fibroblasts

25
Q

gamma IF are made by what cells

A

T cells

26
Q

gamma IF actions

A 
activates NK, killer T cells
activates macrophages (most effective)
27
Q

TNF action

A

pro-inflammatory

28
Q

IL-1 action and secretion

A

secreted by macrophages and monocytes

initiates responses; fever, t cell proliferation

29
Q

IL-2 action and secretion

A

secreted by CD4 cells

promotes cellular immunity; t cell growth, b cell activation

30
Q

IL4 action and secretion

A

secreted by CD4 cells

promotes humoral immunity; B+T growth, MHC expression on B cells, promotes production IgE, IgE

31
Q

IL5 action and secretion

A

secreted by CD4 cells

promotes humoral immunity ; b cell and eosinophil growth

32
Q

IL10 action and secretion

A

secreted by t cells

promotes humoral immunity; regulates immune response class

33
Q

IL11 action and secretion

A

secreted by fibroblasts

megakaryocyte potentiator, stimulates IgG

34
Q

MHC1

A

presents viral antigen to CD8 T lymphocytes, kiling virally infected cells and cancer cells

35
Q

MHC2

A

docking protein on macrophage which hooks a CD4 T helper cell to the macrophage

36
Q

haptens

A

incomplete antigens; unable to stimulate immune response alone

37
Q

CD8 >

A

MHCI > CD8 > cytotoxic t cells, memory tc cells, suppressor T cells

38
Q

CD4 >

A

MHCII > CD4 > helper t cells, memory Th cells

39
Q

IgA rxn type

A

secretory

prevents bacteria, virus, toxins from attaching to mucosal linings

40
Q

IgE rxn type

A

allergy; type I immediate hypersensitivty

allergies, parasites

41
Q

IgM rxn type

A

first responder

acute infx, blood type transfusion rxns

42
Q

IgG rxn type

A

long term

most common; focuses NK cells to targetrs

passive immunization (gamma globulin injection)

43
Q

type I hypersensitivity rxn

A

IgE, anaphylaxis

44
Q

type II hypersensitivity rxn

A

antibody mediated; goodpastures, glomerular antibody rxn

45
Q

type III hypersensitivity rxn

A

immune complex mediated

ag/ab complexes activate compliment; serum sickness

46
Q

type IV hypersensitivity rxn

A

delayed and cytotoxic types

skin test for TB immunity

47
Q

what type of hypersensitivity rxn is autoimmunity

A 
humoral (type I-III)
cell mediated (IV)
48
Q

digeorges syndrome

A

autoimmune; total absence of cell mediated immunity

thymus destroyed; selective t cell deficiency

49
Q

scleroderma/systemic sclerosis

A

autoimmune response to unknown antigens

excessive collagen/fibrosis in microvasculature (skin, GI, kidneys, heart, lungs)

50
Q

sjorgens

A

dry eyes and mouth from immunologically mediated destruction of lacrimal and salivary glands

51
Q

SLE (lupus)

A

autoimmune injury to skin, joints, kidney, serosal membranes

type III hypersensitivty immune complexes and type II auto antibodies

acute onset of chronic remitting and relapsing often febrile disease

52
Q

dermatomyositis vs polymyositis

A

both inflammatory myopathies. dermatomyositis has skin involvement. both are lease common AI states

53
Q

immunosuppression

A

loss/impairment of CD4 t cells

infxn of monocytes and macrophages

nplex (11 decks)

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