Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PMCOL 344 > Immune-6 > Flashcards

Immune-6 Flashcards

1
Q

what are 2 examples of polyclonal antibodies

A
  • intravenous immune globulin

- hyperimmune immunoglobulins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are intravenous immune globulin

A

polyclonal human immunoglobulins from a pool of thousands of donors with no specific antigen target

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the point of doing intravenous immune globulin

A

prevents second encounter with antigen - used for people with no immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

who would get benefit from intravenous immune globulin therapy + disease

A

people with no immune system, X-linked agammaglobulinemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is hyperimmune immunoglobulins

A

intravenous immune globulin from a pool of selected donor with specific antibodies against a particular agent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are some diseases that hyperimmune immunoglobulins are available for

A

hep B, herpes, rabies, tetanus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do immunomodulatory biologics do generally

A

engage and manipulate cell surface signalling molecules on host immune cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what kind of things do immunomodulatory biologics target (4)

A

co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules, membrane receptors involved in adhesion and migration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how do immunomodulatory biologics control lymphocyte response generally

A

modulate antigen-specific TCR and BCR signals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the 2 groups of immunomodulatory biologics

A

antagonists and agonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what do antagonist immunomodulatory biologics do

A

block or neutralize the interaction between receptors and ligands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what do agonist immunomodulatory biologics do

A

induce signalling via the receptor by mimicking the ligand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is CD3 (1)

A

part of the t cell receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the role of CD3 (3)

A
  • antigen recognition
  • cell signalling
  • proliferation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the function of CD4

A

co-receptor of the TCR in T helpers and T reg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

when is CD4 active

A

when antigen is presented by MHC class 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what does CD4 initiate

A

T-cell activation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what does CD4 participate in (what type of infection)

A

HIV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is CD28

A

most effective co-stimulatory molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

who expressed CD28

A

naive and activated T cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what does CD28 interact with + on who

A

CD80/86 expressed by mature APCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is CTLA-4

A

inhibitory molecules homologous to CD28

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

who expresses CTLA-4

A

activated T cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what does CTLA-4 bind to and how strong

A

the same ligand as CD28 much at a much higher affinity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what are 3 targets of biologics that target T cells
- anti CD3 antibodies - anti CD4 antibodies - recombinant fusion protein targeting CD28
26
which drug is anti CD3 antibodies
teplizumab
27
which drug is anti CD4 antibodies
ibalizumab
28
which drug is recombinant fusion protein targeting CD28
abatacept
29
what is teplizumab (basic)
anti CD3 antibodies
30
what is ibalizumab (basic)
anti CD4 antibodies
31
what is abatacept (basic)
recombinant fusion protein targeting CD28
32
what class of diseases is antiCD3 used for
autoimmune
33
what type of cells does anti CD3 target
all activated T cells
34
is anti CD3 antigen specific therapy, explain
it is non-antigen specific therapy, it targets all activated T cells
35
what is the rational behind anti CD3
during new onset, autoimmune disease activated T cells are present only in the pancreas or CNS (diabetes CNS)
36
what are the expectations of anti CD3
that anti CD3 mAbs would cause autoreactive T cell depletion
37
what happen to people using anti CD3 first gen
it cause cytokine storm in MS patients (disease axacerbation)
38
what kind of antibody is teplizumab/ anti CD3
humanized CD3
39
how was teplizumab mutated
it is mutated to prevent binding to FcRs (avoid ADCC, CDC and CDCC)
40
what is teplizumab shown to work for
type 1 diabetes
41
what is ibalizumab used for
inhibiting HIV-1 infection
42
what kind of antibody is ibalizumab
CD4 specific mAb, human monoclonal
43
where does ibalizumab bind
extracellular region of CD4 away from MHC class 2 site
44
does ibalizumab do immunosuppression + why
no because it binds away from MHC class 2 (not close by)
45
how does ibalizumab inhibit gp120 binding to CD4
it doesnt!
46
what is ibalizumab mechanism
prevents CD4 bound gp120 from interacting with CCR5 or CXCR4
47
does ibalizumab bind to MHC class 2
no it binds away from the site
48
what is CCR5 and CXCR4
co-receptors for HIV, needed for viral entrance
49
what is the structure of abatacept
soluble fusion protein, extracellular domain of human CTLA4 fused to Fc portion of Ig
50
where does abatacept bind
on CD80 and CD86 on APCs
51
what is the mechanism of abatacept
prevents binding of CD80/86 to CD28 and to CTLA4 on T cells (blocks co stim signal)
52
what is the result of abatacept
inhibits T cell activation, proliferation, production of TNFa, interferon (Gamma) and IL-2
53
what do we use abatacept for
RA, a second line DMARD (when methotrexate or other biologics have failed)
54
what is CD20 and where is it
antigen on the surface of pre-B cells and mature B lymphocytes
55
what is the function of CD20
it remains unclear
56
what are 2 anti CD20 antibody drugs
rituximab and ocrelizumab
57
what kind of antibody is rituximab
chimeric antibody against CD20
58
what is rituximab used for (3)
RA and MS, B cell neoplasms
59
what kind of antibody is ocrelizumab
humanized anti-CD20
60
what is the difference between rituximab and ocrelizumab
rituximab is chimeric and ocrelizumab is humanized
61
what is ocrelizumab used for
PPMS
62
what is 2 similarities between rituximab and ocrelizumab
they bind to the same epitope and both against CD20
63
what do rituximab and ocrelizumab do to B cells
deplete the majority of B cell subsets
64
what do rituximab and ocrelizumab do to plasma cells
nothing (no effect)
65
how do rituximab and ocrelizumab cause B cell depletion
by activating their removal by indirect mechanisms (CDC and ADCC)
66
can rituximab and ocrelizumab cause direct cell death
yes, but minimal
67
which cell types do rituximab and ocrelizumab effect
B cells
68
which cell types do rituximab and ocrelizumab NOT effect
plasma cells
69
what 2 mechanisms do rituximab and ocrelizumab use
antibody dependent cellular toxicity and complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC and ADCC)

PMCOL 344 (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions