Immune 2

Question 1

@skin , Low molecular weight proteins in lung and
GIT having antimicrobial activity
,Granules in neutrophils are the richest
source which disrupt biological membranes.

Answer 1

Defensins

Question 2

Acute phase protein where and when

Answer 2

Liver, 4-6h of infection or trauma

Question 3

The most common opsonins are IgG, IgA and C3b in

Answer 3

Blood , mucosal surfaces , complement

Question 4

APC triggers adaptive @epithelial tissue and lymph nodes

Answer 4

Dendritic cells

Question 5

Professional phagocytes

Answer 5

DMMMN

Question 6

The most potent chemotactic factors are the

Answer 6

C5a complement component.

Question 7

require the production of

antibody in order to be effectively phagocytosed (Opsonisation)

Answer 7

Indirect binding: Encapsulated microorganisms

Question 8

are	 a	 class	 of	 proteins	 that	 play	 a	 key	 role	 in	 the	 immune	 system	by	recognition	 of	 invading
pathogens	 and	 activation	 of	 immune	 responses	 against	 them

Answer 8

Toll-like receptors

Macrophage, dendritic, epithelial cells

Question 9

structures usually present on the surface of a bacterium, fungal cell,
parasite, or virus, are called———-The receptors that recognize PAMPs are called——-eg.——-

Answer 9

pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) ,pattern recognition receptors
(PRRs), Toll like receptors (TLRs)

Question 10

Oxygen-independent intracellular: not effective as oxygen-dependent ones.
Four main types:

Answer 10

electrically charged proteins, lysozymes, lactoferrins, which are present in neutrophil granules and remove
essential iron from bacteria. proteases and hydrolytic enzymes

Question 11

Coxiella burnetti

Answer 11

Survive in phagolysosome

Question 12

HIV

Answer 12

Prevent phagosome-lysosome fusion

Question 13

Shigella

Answer 13

Escape phagosome

Question 14

S. pyogenes,

S. pneumoniae

Answer 14

Inhibit adherence: M protein, capsules

Question 15

S.aureus

Answer 15

Kill phagocytes: Leukocidins

Question 16

Listeria monocytogene

Answer 16

Lyse phagocytes: Membrane attack complex also escape

Question 17

The Three Stages of Inflammation:

Answer 17

Vasodilation, Phagocyte migration and phagocytosis, repair (magination adherence migration )

Question 18

——causes phagocytes to release—-

Answer 18

Endotoxins, IL-1 is an endogenous pyrogen, When no more IL–1, body temperature falls (crisis).

Question 19

Opsonization

Answer 19

C3b, C4b

Question 20

Mediator of inflammation

Answer 20

C3a, C4a, C5a

Question 21

Chemotaxis

Answer 21

C3a, C5a, C567

Question 22

Immunological regulation

Answer 22

C3, CR1, CR2, C3b

Question 23

Specific acquired immunity, Initiated by antibody, no properdin

Answer 23

Classic pathway

Question 24

Non-specific innate immunity , Bacterial endotoxin, capsule, Properdin system is involved, C1, C4, C2 are by-passed

Answer 24

Alternative pathway

Question 25

(IFN- α)

Answer 25

Mononuclear phagocytes

Question 26

I FN- γ

Answer 26

Macrophages and TH1 Cells

Question 27

IFN- β

Answer 27

Fibroblasts

Question 28

Starting point for classical pathway

Answer 28

C1 antigen w antibody

Question 29

Starting point for alternative pathway

Answer 29

C3 factor D and stimulated by bacterial endotoxins

Question 30

C3 converters classical, alternative

Answer 30

C4b2A, c3bBb

Question 31

C5 classical, alternative

Answer 31

C4b2A3b, C3bBb3b

Question 32

MAC function

Answer 32

Lysis