IMMS

Question 1

non-disjunction

Answer 1

the failure of separation of one of the pairs of chromosomes during meiosis 1- trisomy

Question 2

recombination

Answer 2

when maternal segments of DNA are exchanged from one chromosome to another during metaphase

Question 3

phenotype

Answer 3

appearance of the individual due to the environment and gene

Question 4

genotype

Answer 4

all the alleles that make up the individual

Question 5

autosomal dominant inheritance

Answer 5

somatic cell mutation expressed in the heterozygous or homozygous

Question 6

autosomal recessive inheritance

Answer 6

somatic cell mutation expressed in the homozygous state only

Question 7

sex linked inheritance

Answer 7

mutated gene carried on the X chromosome

Question 8

iso enzyme

Answer 8

enzyme which catalyses the same reaction but has a different structure and sequence

Question 9

genetic code is degenerate

Answer 9

each amino acid an be coded for by more than 1 codon

Question 10

pleitrophy

Answer 10

a single gene that may give rise to 2 or more apparently unrelated effects

Question 11

apocrine

Answer 11

exocytosis of secretion into a membrance bound vesicle

Question 12

holocrine

Answer 12

the entire cell disintegrates leaving the secretion behind

Question 13

merocrine

Answer 13

exocytosis out of glands

Question 14

exocrine

Answer 14

secretes into ducts

Question 15

endocrine

Answer 15

secretion into the blood stream

Question 16

paracrine

Answer 16

secretes chemical messengers which have effects on local cells and organs

Question 17

autocrine

Answer 17

chemical messengers secreted have a direct effect on cell it was produced by

Question 18

granuloma

Answer 18

aggregation of epithelial tissue macrophages

Question 19

allele

Answer 19

2 or more forms of the same gene found at the same point on a chromosome

Question 20

osmolality

Answer 20

number of particles per kg of solution

Question 21

osmolarity

Answer 21

number of particles per liter of solution