Immobilised Enzymes

Question 1

Types of immobilised enzymes

Answer 1

1. Encapsulated in jelly-like alginate beads, which act as a semi-permeable membrane.
2. Trapped in a silica gel matrix
3. Covalently bonded to cellulose or collagen fibres

Question 2

Lactose to Glucose and Galactose

Answer 2

Lactase enzyme

Some people can’t digest lactose because they don’t produce lactase.

Now, fresh milk can be passed over immobilised lactase to produce lactose free dairy products.

Question 3

Semi-synthetic penicillins

Answer 3

Acylase enzyme

Some bacteria have become penicillin resistant.

Effective against penicilin-resistant organisms.

Question 4

Dextrins to Glucose

Answer 4

Glucose can be derived from starchy foods.
Starch breaks down into dextrins (carbohydrate products)
Then into glucose by glucoamylase

Question 5

Glucose to fructose

Answer 5

Isomerase

Question 6

Pure samples of L-amino acids

Answer 6

Amino acids have two isomers- L OR D.

Most amino acids in the body need to be L.

Aminoacylase seperates them.

Question 7

Acrylonitrile to acrylamide

Answer 7

Acrylamide is a chemical that is typically used in industry to produce synthetic polymers.

Nitrilase converts acrylonitrile to acrylamide