IMM 1 immunological aspects of the renal system

Question 1

IMPAIRMENT OF KIDNEY FILTRATION IS ACTIVATED BY?

ARF defined as?

Major cause of ARF?

this is how common?

Answer 1

Question 2

NKD?

AKI?

CKD?

Answer 2

Question 3

causes of kidney hypoperfusion and AKI?

all lead to what?

which leads to?

in most Cases, cause of AKI is not what but instead what?

Answer 3

Question 4

sterile renal inflammation is induced by?

released by?

bind? to activate what?

what can recognize them? via?

Answer 4

Question 5

PAMPS and DAMPS

inducers?

sensors?

mediators?

Answer 5

Question 6

immune cells-mediated mechanisms of kidney injury

ultimately cause?

Answer 6

Question 7

early stages immune responses mediated by?

later stages?

M1 vs M2?

Answer 7

Question 8

M1 activated by?

M2?

ultimately cause?

Answer 8

M1 causes direct tubular injury

M2 cause repair of AKI

Question 9

TH1, 2, 17

cause what?

Answer 9

Question 10

Role of Th17 cells in AKI?

secrete what?

this causes?

may recruit what else by release of?

this causes?

Answer 10

Question 11

complement role in inflammation and recruitment?

Answer 11

Question 12

type II/III hypersensitivity in kidney injury?

Answer 12

Question 13

end-stage organ failure what do you do?

barrier to this?

methods to prevent?

HVGR?

GVHR?

Answer 13

Question 14

classification of grafts?

classified on what?

4 types of grafts?

oddest one what increases chance of success?

Answer 14

Question 15

these variables determine transplant outcome?

Answer 15

Question 16

cascade of allograft rejection?

Answer 16

Question 17

NOn-immunological factors

(condition of allograft)

types?

when transplanted (damaged graft) what happens?

Answer 17

Question 18

Matching donor and recipient

Answer 18

1. Blood Group Antigens (ABO): Matching Donor and Recipient
2. Testing for Pre-Existing non-ABO Abs(anti-class I/II HLA abs)
3. HLA: Matching Donor & Recipient
4. TESTING FOR CLASS I HLA COMPATIBILITY
   
   1. not important for non-vascularized tissues
5. TESTING CLASS II HLA COMPATIBILITY
   
   1. SAME AS 4

Question 19

blood group antigens (ABO) matching

barrier to transplantation of?

what antibodies?

not important in what transplantations?

Answer 19

Question 20

in the different blood types what type of Abs and Ags present who can donate to them?

Answer 20

Answer 21

Question 22

Testing for pre-existing non-ABO Abs

(anti-class I/II HLA abs)

what is it not important for?

Answer 22

Non-vascularized tissues transplants

cornea, heart valves, bone

Question 23

Microcytotoxicity test for preformed Abs?

Answer 23

Question 24

HLA: matching donor and recipient

success dependent on?

encoded by?

compatibility required due to?

Answer 24

Question 25

how many allelic forms of HLA molecules? each inherits how many? dominant? recessive? Class-I? Class-II?

Answer 25

Question 26

Testing for class I HLA compatibility serological class I HLA typing identification of HLA Ags normally dependent on what?

Answer 26

Not important for non-vascularized tissues - Cornea - Heart valves - Bone

Question 27

MIcrotoxicity test (class I MHC)

Answer 27

Question 28

which would match and not match?

Answer 28

Question 29

TESTING CLASS II HLA COMPATIBILITY what test? what do you do? how do you tell match vs non match?

Answer 29

Not important for non-vascularized tissues - Cornea - Heart valves - Bone

Question 30

Two Types of Immune Responses in Transplantation?

Answer 30

Question 31

Host versus graft response what attacks what? what type of immune response? stronger or weaker than normal response? why? immune memory?

Answer 31

Question 32

direct vs indirect allorecognition cells from what?

Answer 32

Question 33

Host versus graft response how much of host T cells recognize single foreign MHC? what can activate what (causing problems) this causes? types of effector mechanisms of graft rejection?

Answer 33

Question 34

Answer 34

Question 35

mechanisms of rejections the three type of host vs graft what will cause problem?

Answer 35

Question 36

hyperacute graft rejection how long? from what point? caused by? what can lead to death of what?

Answer 36

Question 37

acute graft rejection how long? initiated by? plays an important role? why? damage happens how? what can cause rejection?

Answer 37

Question 38

chronic graft rejection occurs in what time? due to? main pathogenic mechanism is? non-immunologic factors to chronic rejection include? doesnt respond to?

Answer 38

Question 39

Graft-versus-host disease caused by? reaction directed against? occurs in? why? types (solid grafts) of GVHD?

Answer 39

Question 40

GVHD what is Ag? what is APC? what allows donor CD8 to react?

Answer 40

Question 41

Two effector mechanisms of GVHD?

Answer 41

Question 42

Treg cells in AKI?

Answer 42

Question 43

AKI and CKD disease modifiers? risk factors? outcomes?

Answer 43