Imaging Flashcards
Define KUB
Plain frontal supine radiograph of the abdomen (kidney, ureter, bladder)
KUB Uses
Identify stones (4+ mm) Assess constipation in pediatric patients Inexpensive
Define Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP)
X-ray done with intravenous contrast to look at the kidneys, ureters, & bladder
IVP Uses
Abdominal injury Bladder & kidney infections Hematuria Flank pain Tumors
Risk of an IVP
Allergic reaction
Process of IVP
Patient will void before & after study
Series of images taken at various times to look at filtration
Types of Ultrasounds in Urology
Renal
Scrotal
Prostate
Reasons for a Renal Ultrasound
Size of kidneys Signs of injury to the kidneys Abnormalities present at birth Presence of blockage or kidney stones Complications of a UTI Cysts or tumors
Reasons for a Scrotal Ultrasound
Size of testicles Evaluate mass or lump (cystic vs. solid) Find reason for pain Look at blood flow to testicles Look for location of undescended testis
Type of Prostate Ultrasound
Trans-Rectal Ultrasound (TRUS)
Reasons for a Prostate Ultrasound
Detect disorders within the prostate Measure prostate (volume) Help diagnose the cause of a man's infertility Evaluate prostate nodules: needle biopsy Placement of needles for radiation
Define Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG)
X-ray study of the bladder using fluoroscopy & contrast material
Reasons for a VCUG
Check for vesicoureteral reflux after a UTI
Bladder obstruction
Abnormal urination with very high pressure within the bladder
Incomplete bladder emptying
Uses for a Retrograde Urethrogram (RUG)
Diagnose urethral pathology from trauma or urethral strictures
Done for pre-op & post-op reconstruction of the urethra
Help identify urethral diverticulum & fistulas
CT Scans for Renal Stones
Gold standard to detect stones
No contrast dye
Detects all types of stones
Gives shape, size, & location of stone
