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Neuro Block 3 > Imaging > Flashcards

Imaging Flashcards

1
Q

what do you look for a pathology in imaging?

A

midline, shift, asymmetry

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2
Q

is this MRI, CT, XRay…

at what level?

A

CT

left: lateral ventricles so it is very superior
right: brainstem level (the eyeballs are present)

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3
Q

which will be anatomical: T1 or T2?

anatomical = white matter is white, grey matter is grey

A

T1 is anatomical

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4
Q

Is this T1 or T2?

A

T-1

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5
Q

is this T1 or T2?

A

T 1

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6
Q

is this T1 or T2?

A

T2

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7
Q

Which machine uses T1/T2?

A

MRI

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8
Q

identify how the things look in the image

A
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9
Q

answer

A
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10
Q

answer

A

1) anterior commissure
2) interthalamic adhesion
3) third ventricle
4) spleneium
5) cingulate gyrus

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11
Q

answer

A
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12
Q

What is Flow Void?

In which imaging can you see it and how does it look?

A

Flowing blood (not bleeding) appears dark on a T2 but not on CT/T1.

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13
Q

answer

A
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14
Q

a bleed is always what color in all CT and MRI?

infarcts, tumors and MS plaque are dark in which?

MRI T1, MRI T2, CT

A

bright

T1 and CT

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15
Q

is this T1, T2, CT?

what is the pathology?

A

CT

epidural hematoma

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16
Q

is this T1, T2, CT?

What is the pathology?

A

T1

sub-arachnoid bleed

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17
Q

is this T1 or T2, or CT?

pathology?

A

T1

shaken baby = right is old blood, left is new blood

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18
Q

what 2 enhancement can you use for T2?

what do they do?

A
  1. Proton density (T2-PD)
  2. FLAIR

better resolution near the ventricles

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19
Q

what enhancements can be used for T1?

when do you use it?

what enhancements can we use for strokes?

A

just GAD for tumors

DWI and PWI

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20
Q

what is the pathology?

is this CT or MRI?

A

hemorrhage

CT

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21
Q

if someone has a hemmorrhage, what imaging is the best?

If someone has an infarct, is CT good for that?

A

CT

no

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22
Q

what is the pathology here?

what imagin is being used?

A

subdural hematomas

CT

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23
Q

what type of image?

what is the pathology?

what enhancement is used?

A

CT

stroke

DWI

24
Q

what type of image is this?

how do you know?

what is the enhancement?

A

T2

CSF is very bright

none

25
Q

what is the type of image?

what type of enhancement?

what is the pathology?

which artery would be damaged?

A

T2

FLAIR

infarct on left lower side (spots)

Left MCA

26
Q

what does PWI measure?

what does DWI measure?

A

change in cerebral blood flow

extent of diffusion of water in short distance

27
Q

what enhancement is used?

A

DWI and a FLAIR

28
Q

DWI and PWI are good for measuring what?

A

extent of an infarct

29
Q

what is this imaging?

what is the pathology?

A

angiogram

right internal carotid occlusion

30
Q

which area is underperfused?

what should you do?

A

the right side in blue

give clot buster

31
Q

what is the penumbra?

the bigger the penumbra, the ……

A

the area at risk of further infarct damage

given by using DWI and PWI

more reason to give a clot buster

32
Q

what imaging enhancement is used in MS?

A

FLAIR and T2-PD

33
Q

what is the MS criteria?

A

3 lesions:

1 on the side of lateral ventricle

1 infrantentorial

lesions must be 5mm big

34
Q

using T1 GAD in MS will help by doing what?

A

shows new lesions

35
Q

what are these elongated extensions off the axis fo the ventricles?

A

Dawson’s fingers

36
Q

In what disease do you see dawson’s fingers?

A

MS

37
Q

what individuals are susceptible to progressive multifocal encephalopathy?

what part of the brain does it affect mostly?

what enhancement doesn’t work well with this disease?

some patients will present only with a leasion localized where?

A

immunocompromised

white matter

GAD

cerebellum or midbrain

38
Q

name the disease?

A

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

39
Q

what is Diffuse Axonal Injury?

they lose what?….

A

damage to cerebral hemispheres, brainstem, and possibly cerebellar white matter because of multidirectional trauma

(acceleration/deceleration with rotational forces)

you tear white matter and the brain is twisted

consciousness

40
Q

how does a CT of a patient who has suffered diffuse axonal injury look like?

why?

A

normal

because edema is usually minor initially and they are non-haemorrhagic

41
Q

what is the pathology?

A

multiple lesions due to diffuse axonal injury

(multi-car accident)

42
Q

tumors are viewed best with what enhancement and what machine?

A

MRI T1-GAD

43
Q

what is GAD?

A

contrast agent administered into blood circulation peripherally and since tumors like blood..they suck it up and light up in the MRI

44
Q

identify the type of image and the pathology

A
45
Q

what is the type of image and what is the pathology?

A
46
Q

This machine measures the changes in blood flow by detecting positrons injecting them into the body?

A

PET scan

47
Q

which machine detects radiopharmaceuticals?

this machines is bad for what patients?

A

PET scans

diabitus!

48
Q

what is happening in the picture?

A

1 - resting

2 - looking at something

49
Q

what is going on in the picture?

A

1- resting

2- moving or hearing

3- thinking, cognitive task (math)

50
Q

what is going on in the picture?

A

1 - moving an arm and thinking about it

2 - visual memory task (hippocampus and occipital lobe)

51
Q

what neuropsychiatric condition is this?

A

schizophrenia

52
Q

L-DOPA is given to a patient and placed in a PET-MRI…what condition is this? which side in abnormal?

A
53
Q

what type of imaging is this?

A

PET-CT

54
Q

what is moya moya disease?

A

severe bilateral stenosis or occlusion of the arteries around the Circle of Willis with a lot of collateral circulation.

55
Q

what is this disease?

A

moya moya

Neuro Block 3 (24 decks)

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