Imagery and relaxation

Question 1

What is imagery in sport rehabilitation?

Answer 1

An experience that mimics real experience using a combination of sensory modalities without actual perception.

Question 2

What are the four types of imagery in sport rehabilitation?

Answer 2

Healing imagery, pain management imagery, performance imagery, rehabilitation process imagery.

Question 3

What is healing imagery?

Answer 3

Visualizing internal processes and anatomical healing to increase motivation, confidence, and adherence while reducing frustration.

Question 4

When is healing imagery most effective?

Answer 4

During the early/mid stages of rehabilitation when athletes understand their injury and treatment processes.

Question 5

What is pain management imagery?

Answer 5

Techniques like pleasant imagining, pain acknowledgment, and dramatized coping to reduce pain perception and increase pain tolerance.

Question 6

What is performance imagery?

Answer 6

Rehearsing sport-specific skills during rehabilitation to retain skills, improve muscle activation, and support return to competition.

Question 7

When is performance imagery most effective?

Answer 7

During the mid/late stages of rehabilitation.

Question 8

What is rehabilitation process imagery?

Answer 8

Mentally rehearsing prescribed rehab exercises to improve adherence, motivation, and self-efficacy.

Question 9

What is the psychoneuromuscular theory (Jacobson, 1930)?

Answer 9

Imagined events activate the brain and muscles similarly to physical movements, strengthening neural pathways and muscle memory.

Question 10

What is the symbolic learning theory (Sackett, 1934)?

Answer 10

Imagery creates mental blueprints for successful movement patterns, enhancing motor skills.

Question 11

What is the applied model of imagery use in sport?

Answer 11

A framework for selecting appropriate imagery types based on desired cognitive, affective, and behavioral outcomes.

Question 12

What is the PETTLEP model?

Answer 12

A model focusing on Physical, Environment, Task, Timing, Learning, Emotion, and Perspective to create functionally equivalent imagery.

Question 13

What are the benefits of PETTLEP imagery interventions?

Answer 13

Enhanced performance benefits compared to non-PETTLEP interventions.

Question 14

What is relaxation in sport rehabilitation?

Answer 14

A deliberate withdrawal from everyday activity to moderate the functions of the sympathetic nervous system.

Question 15

How does relaxation enhance rehabilitation?

Answer 15

It reduces pain, stress, and anxiety, improves focus, enhances confidence, and aids healing.

Question 16

What are the three effects of relaxation in the multi-process theory (Davidson & Schwartz, 1976)?

Answer 16

Somatic (physiological effects), cognitive (stress reduction), and attentional (improved focus).

Question 17

What is progressive muscular relaxation (PMR)?

Answer 17

A technique involving muscle contraction followed by relaxation to recognize and reduce muscle tension.

Question 18

What are the two steps of PMR?

Answer 18

1. Tension phase: Contract muscles for 7-10 seconds. 2. Relaxation phase: Release tension for 25-30 seconds.

Question 19

What is diaphragmatic breathing?

Answer 19

A relaxation technique focusing on deep breathing to lower heart rate, regulate blood pressure, and decrease stress hormones.

Question 20

What are the prerequisites of relaxation techniques?

Answer 20

Educating the athlete, providing a suitable environment, and ensuring proper structure for relaxation.

Question 21

How is relaxation effectiveness measured?

Answer 21

By assessing its impact on stress, pain, focus, and overall rehabilitation progress.

Question 22

What are somatic relaxation techniques?

Answer 22

Techniques targeting physical tension, such as PMR, applied relaxation, centering, and diaphragmatic breathing.

Question 23

What are the benefits of diaphragmatic breathing for rehabilitation?

Answer 23

Relaxing athletes, focusing their attention, lowering heart rate, and reducing cortisol levels.

Question 24

How can relaxation aid imagery in rehabilitation?

Answer 24

Relaxation creates a foundation for effective imagery by calming the mind and enhancing focus.