III

Question 1

Distributes air for the gas exchange with the circulatory system

Answer 1

Respiratory System

Question 2

The space enclosed by the pleura, which is a thin layer of tissue that covers the lungs and lines the interior wall of the chest cavity.

Answer 2

Pleural Cavity

Question 3

A ____ is a serous membrane that folds back on itself to form a two-layered membranous pleural sac.

Answer 3

pleura

Question 4

The outer layer of pleural cavity is called the ____ and attaches to the chest wall.

Answer 4

parietal pleura

Question 5

The inner layer of pleural cavity is called the _____ and covers the lungs, blood vessels, nerves, and bronchi.

Answer 5

visceral pleura

Question 6

The _____ is a large compartment in the thoracic chest that contains vital structures such as the heart and its major blood vessels, as well as the esophagus, trachea, and additional important structures.

Answer 6

mediastinum

Question 7

• low oxygen levels

Answer 7

Hypoxemia

Question 8

• failure of ventilation resulting in the inability of air into and out of the lungs

Answer 8

Hypercapnia

Question 9

• Autosomal recessive gene a ecting exocrine glands
• Chromosome 7q and cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) gene

Answer 9

Cystic Fibrosis

Question 10

• Most common lethal genetic disease for white children

Answer 10

Cystic Fibrosis

Question 11

• Respiratory disease syndrome (RSD)
• Premature infants
• Deficiency of surfactant
• Clinical presentation
• Radiographic appearance
• Treatment and prognosis

Answer 11

Hyaline Membrane Disease

Question 12

• Most frequent type of lung infection
• 8th leading cause of death in the United States and most common lethal nosocomial infection

Answer 12

Pneumonias

Question 13

• Most common bacterial pneumonia
• Generally preceded by upper respiratory infection

Answer 13

Pneumococcal (lobar) pneumonia

Question 14

• Sporadically except for influenza outbreaks
• Pneumatocele

Answer 14

Staphylococcal pneumonia

Question 15

• Legionella pneumonia

Answer 15

Legionnaire’s Disease

Question 16

• Caused by mycoplasms
• Characteristics of both bacteria and viruses but classified as bacteria-like

Answer 16

Mycoplasma pneumonia

Question 17

• Chemical Pneumonia
• Caused by acid vomitus in lower
  respiratory tract
• Radiographic appearance
• Treatment

Answer 17

Aspiration pneumonia

Question 18

• Most commonly caused by influenza
• More common than bacterial but less severe
• Diagnosis based on clinical findings and serologic tests
• Symptoms
• Treatment

Answer 18

Viral (interstitial) pneumonia

Question 19

Increased bronchovascular
markings

Answer 19

Bronchiectasis

Question 20

is a permanent, abnormal dilata- tion of one or more large bronchi as a result of destruction of the elastic and muscular compo- nents of the bronchial wall.

Answer 20

Bronchiectasis

Question 21

is an infection caused by inhalation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Answer 21

Pulmonary tuberculosis

Question 22

Alveoli become distended from loss of elasticity

Answer 22

Emphysema

Question 23

Inhalation of foreign dust particles

Answer 23

Pneumoconioses (occupational lung disease)

Question 24

Necrotic lung tissue surrounded by inflammatory debris

Answer 24

Lung abscess

Question 25

Inflammation of pleura

Answer 25

Pleurisy

Question 26

Results when excess fluid collects in pleural cavity

Answer 26

Pleural E usion

Question 27

The communication with the nasal cavities that subjects the paranasal sinuses to infection and inflammation is called

Answer 27

Sinusitis

Question 28

Most common fatal primary malignancy in the United States

Answer 28

Bronchogenic Carcinoma

Question 29

is a term used to describe lack of respiratory function or the lack of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange.

Answer 29

Respiratory failure

Question 30

is a generalized disorder resulting from a genetic defect transmitted as an autosomal recessive gene that affects the function of exo- crine glands.

Answer 30

Cystic fibrosis