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Rad Patho > I > Flashcards

I Flashcards

1
Q

Study of diseases

A

Pathology

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2
Q

Abnormal Disturbance of Structure and Function

A

Disease

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3
Q

Events leading to disease

A

Pathogenesis

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4
Q

Observable changes

A

Manifestation

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5
Q

Subjective, PT’s perspective of disease

A

Symptoms

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6
Q

Objective, detectable with examination

A

Signs

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7
Q

group (constellation) of signs and symptoms that characterize a specific pathology

A

Syndrome

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8
Q

Study of disease cause

A

Etiology

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9
Q

Hospital Acquired Infection

A

Nosocomial

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10
Q

adverse responses to medical treatment

A

Iatrogenic

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11
Q

disease without identifiable cause

A

Idiopathic

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12
Q

Quick disease onset

A

Acute

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13
Q

slow disease onset (with lasting effects)

A

Chronic

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14
Q

condition caused by a previous disease

A

Sequelae

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15
Q

Identification of disease

A

Diagnosis

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16
Q

Predicted disease outcome

A

Prognosis

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17
Q

Structure of cells and tissue
-Subtractive/Lytic/Destructive
-Additive/Sclerotic

A

Morphology

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18
Q

Study of disease in populations

A

Epidemiology

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19
Q

Number of cases found in a population

A

Prevalence

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20
Q

Number of new cases in a given period of time

A

Incidence

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21
Q

Average numbers of death

A

Mortality Rate

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22
Q

monitor and report mortality stats

A

National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)

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23
Q

incidence of sickness that infers with daily routine

A

Morbidity Rate

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24
Q

decrease in cell size

A

Atrophy

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25
Q

Increase in cell size

A

Hypertrophy

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26
Q

Increase in number of cells

A

Hyperplasia

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27
Q

Conversion of one cell type into another abnormal cell type

A

Metaplasia

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28
Q

Abnormal changes in mature cells

A

Dysplasia

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29
Q

Diseases present at birth and result from genetic or environmental factors

A

Congential & Hereditary

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30
Q

caused by developmental disorders genetically transmitted from either parent to child abnormalities of individual genes in chromosomes

A

Hereditary

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31
Q

Disease that results from the body’s reaction to a localized injurious agent

A

Inflammatory

32
Q

Invasion of microorganisms

A

Infected diseases

33
Q

Poisoning by biologic substances

A

Toxic diseases

34
Q

Overreaction of body’s own defenses

A

Allergic diseases

35
Q

Disease in which the body forms antibodies that injure patient’s own tissue

A

Autoimmune disorders

36
Q

Generalized pathologic process that is nonspecific to the agent causing the injury

A

Inflammatory Reaction

37
Q

Inflammatory process caused by pathological organism

A

Infection

38
Q

Ease of causing disease

A

Virulence

39
Q

Disease caused by a deterioration of the body

A

Degenerative

40
Q

Disease caused by the disturbance of the normal physiologic function of the body

A

Metabolic

41
Q

Disease that may result from mechanical forces such as crushing or twisting of a body part or from the effects of ionizing radiation on the body

A

Traumatic

42
Q

Disease that results in new, abnormal tissue growth

A

Neoplastic disease

43
Q

Cellular change in response to disease

A

Lesion

44
Q

well-differentiated cells, remains localized

A

Benign neoplasm

45
Q

Poor differentiation, rapid growth, invades surrounding tissue

A

Malignant neoplasm

46
Q

Close spread

A

Invasion

47
Q

Distant spread

A

Seeding

48
Q

Various malignant neoplasm

A

Cancer

49
Q

Derived from epithelial tissue

A

Carcinoma

50
Q

Derived from connective tissue

A

Sarcoma

51
Q

5 year free of disease

A

Curative

52
Q

Designed to relieve pain and improve quality of life

A

Palliative

53
Q

Factor affecting the rate of aging

A

● Atherosclerosis
● Osteoarthritis

54
Q

TNM system mean

A

● T - Tumor size
● N (NODE) - (lymph node
involvement)
● M - Metastases

55
Q

There are ____ separate bone

A

206

56
Q

Bones are composed mostly of

A

calcium and phosphate

57
Q

Outer portion of the bone

A

Compact tissue

58
Q

Inner portion of the bone

A

Cancellous tissue

59
Q

Bone Cells

A
  • Osteoblasts
  • Osteoclasts
60
Q

Bone Classifications

A
  • Long bones
  • Short bones
  • Flat bones
  • Irregular bones
  • Sesamoid bones
  • Sutural bones
61
Q
  • Damage caused by an injurious agent may not result in necrosis.
  • Longer duration of inflammation periods.
A

Chronic Inflammation

62
Q

Three types of joints:

A
  1. Fibrous/Synarthrodial
  2. Cartilaginous/Amphiarthrodial
  3. Synovial/ Diarthrodial
63
Q

the shaft or central part of a long bone.

A

Diaphysis

64
Q

the end part of a long bone, initially growing separately from the shaft.

A

epiphysis

65
Q

are the wide portions of long bones and the regions of the bone where growth occurs.

A

metaphysis

66
Q

The process of bone formation

A

Ossification/osteogenesis

67
Q

are hard, dense bones that provide strength, structure, and mobility.

A

Long bones

68
Q

Type of bones that provide strength, stability, and support with little movement.

A

Short bones

69
Q

bone that provide protection of vital organs

A

flat bones

70
Q

refers to bones that perform various bodily functions, including protecting nerve tissue and providing support for the pharynx and trachea.

A

irregular bones

71
Q

Type of bones that help relieve tension within muscles and tendons, allowing for increased weight-bearing and tolerance by redistributing forces throughout a muscle or tendon, thereby protecting them from significant strain and injury.

A

Sesamoid bones

72
Q

A type of bone whose function is to permit the skull and face to accommodate growing organs, such as the eyes and brain.

A

sutural bone

73
Q

A term of which disorders that are present from birth.

A

Congenital

74
Q

A term of which disorders are transmitted from parents to their children through the genes.

A

Hereditary

75
Q

some disease processes, especially in the early stages, do not produce symptoms and are termed

A

asymptomatic

76
Q

some disease processes, especially in the early stages, do not produce symptoms and are termed

A

asymptomatic

Rad Patho (7 decks)

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