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Rad Patho > II > Flashcards

II Flashcards

1
Q

aka brittle bone disease

A

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (Ol)

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2
Q

mutations in structural genes that encode alpha 1 and alpha 2 peptides of type 1 collagen

A

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (Ol)

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3
Q
  • present at birth, may lead to
    deformity of bones and death
A

Ol congenita

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4
Q

— starts at some years after birth, fx generally stop a adulthood

A

Ol tarda

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5
Q

is an inherited (genetic) bone disorder that is present at birth.

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta

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6
Q

A child born with this disease may have soft bones that break (fracture) easily, bones that are not formed normally, and other problems. What kind of disease is this?

A

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI)

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7
Q

bone deformity and dwarfism

A

Achondroplasia

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8
Q

most common inherited disorder

A

Achondroplasia

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9
Q

autosomal dominant gene at 4p chromosome (FGFR3 gene)

A

Achondroplasia

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10
Q

aka marble bone, stone bone

A

Osteopetrosis

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11
Q

CLCN7 gene

A

Osteopetrosis

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12
Q
  • increase in bone density
    and defective bone contour, bones are heavy but brittle
  • requires increased radiographic technique
A

Osteopetrosis

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13
Q

failure of fingers and toes to separate

A

Syndactyly

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14
Q

extra digits

A

Polydactyly

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15
Q

also known as hyperdactyly, is the most common congenital anomaly of hand and foot.

A

Polydactyly

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16
Q

It is characterized by an extra finger or toe that may results from defective development during anterior-posterior patterning of developing limb.

A

Polydactyly

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17
Q

-aka talipes
- Incidence: more common in males than
females
- Treatment: corrected with casting and splinting

A

Club foot

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18
Q
  • abnormal lateral curvature of spine; generally not apparent until adolescence
  • Importance of Radiography
A

Scoliosis

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19
Q

usually LS junction or cervical ribs at C7

A

Transitional Vertebra

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20
Q
  • incomplete closure of vertebral canal
  • common in LS area
A

Spina Bifida

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21
Q

early closure of cranial sutures

A

Craniosynostosis

22
Q
  • brain and cranial vault do not form
  • incompatible with life
A

Anencephaly

23
Q

infection of bone or bone marrow

A

Osteomyelitis

24
Q
  • ends of long bones
A

Hematogenesis

25
Q
  • dead, devascularized bone
A

Sequestrum

26
Q
  • shell of new, supporting bone
A

Involucrum

27
Q
  • disorders of joints
  • Arthritis, bursitis,
    tendonitis, tenosynovitis
A

Arthropathies

28
Q
  • joint inflammation
A

Arthritis

29
Q
  • chronic autoimmune disease, triggered by exposure to arthrogenic antigen
  • presence of autoantibody, known as Serologic Rheumatoid Factor (RF)
  • surgical intervention
  • reduce life expectancy
A

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

30
Q
  • aka Still’s disease
A

Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA)

31
Q

: Younger than 16 at most; symptoms of arthritis in or more joints at least 6 weeks; onset assigned to one or three JRA onset types; pauciarticular, polyarticular, systemic

A

ACR Criterion for JRA

32
Q

aka “Bamboo spine” or Marie-Strumpell
Disease

A

Ankylosing Spondylitis

33
Q
  • Mainly involves vertebral
  • Bilateral fuzziness of SI joints
  • Ossification of spinal ligaments and bone fusion
  • Treated with NSAIDS and exercise
A

Ankylosing Spondylitis

34
Q
  • aka degenerative joint disease (DJD)
A

Osteoarthritis

35
Q
  • most common type of arthritis
  • deterioration of joint cartilage
A

Osteoarthritis

36
Q

— bone spurs

A

Osteophytes

37
Q
  • inherited metabolic disorder, excess
    amounts of uric acid are deposited in joint space or bone
A

Gouty Arthritis

38
Q

— crystalline deposits

A

Tophi

39
Q

inflammation of a tendon

A

Tendinitis

40
Q

inflammation of tendon and sheath

A

Tenosynovitis

41
Q

inflammation of bursa or sacs around joints

A

Bursitis

42
Q

cystic swelling in tendon sheath

A

Ganglion

43
Q

soft tissue neck injuries

A

Whiplash

44
Q
  • slipping of vertebrae
  • most common at L5 - S1
A

Spondylolisthesis

45
Q
  • erosion of vertebral body
  • collar on the scotty dog
A

Spondylolysis

46
Q

dense bone in skull

A

Osteoma

47
Q

in the metaphysis of long bones

A

Osteochondroma

48
Q

numerous osteoclastic giant cells, some are malignant

A

Giant Cell Tumor

49
Q

arises from osteoblasts

A

Osteosarcoma

50
Q
  • occurs between ages 5 and 15 years, arises from medullary canal, extensive lesions
  • Metastases from other sites
  • Metastatic disease from carcinomas most common malignant tumor of skeleton
  • Bones containing red marrow most often a ected, with spine being most common
A

Ewing Tumor

Rad Patho (7 decks)

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