II Exam 2 Flashcards
1
Q
Bovine Mycotic Nasal Granuloma: Etiology
A
Rhinosporidia, Helminthosporum
2
Q
Bovine Mycotic Nasal Granuloma: Signs
A
upper respiratory, inspiratory dyspnea, nasal rubbing
3
Q
Bovine Mycotic Nasal Granuloma: Dx
A
endoscopy, biopsy, culture
4
Q
Bovine Mycotic Nasal Granuloma: Tx
A
systemic iodides, sx
5
Q
T/F: Allergic Rhinitis in cattle is similar to allergies in humans.
A
True
6
Q
Bovine Sinusitis: Etiology
A
frontal sinus - dehorning
Maxillary sinus - infected teeth/jaw
7
Q
Bovine Sinusitis: Signs
A
purulent discharge, head at odd angle, bulging bones
8
Q
Bovine Sinusitis: Tx
A
sx, flush sinsuses, antibiotics
9
Q
Pharyngeal Trauma: Etiology
A
iatrogenic
10
Q
Pharyngeal Trauma: Signs
A
inspiratory dyspnea with stertor, extended head and neck, cough, bloat
11
Q
Pharyngeal Trauma: Tx
A
drainage, flush, abx
12
Q
Necrotic Laryngitis: Etiology
A
Fusobacterium
13
Q
Necrotic Laryngitis: Signs
A
accute onset, moist painful cough, severe inspiratory dyspnea w/ stertor, fever, odor on breath
14
Q
Necrotic Laryngitis: Tx
A
abx - pro pen, oxytetracycline
NSAID
15
Q
IBR: Signs
A
conjunctivitis, fever, profuse nasal discharge, normal lung sounds, abortion
16
Q
IBR: Dx
A
FA, serology
17
Q
Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus: Etiology
A
paramyxovirus
18
Q
BRSV: Signs
A
fever, tachypnea, dyspnea, cough, inc. lung sounds, nasolacrimal discharge
19
Q
BRSV: Dx
A
FA
20
Q
BRSV: Tx + Control
A
abx, vx
21
Q
What is the danger of Para Influenza 3?
A
secondary bacterial infection
22
Q
Bovine Para Influenza 3: Dx
A
FA
23
Q
Mannheimia: Signs
A
mucopurulent occulonasal discharge, anorexia, fever, dyspnea, expiratory grunt
24
Q
Mannheimia: Tx
A
long-lasting abx, min exercise
25
Mannheimia: Control
management, vx
26
What is Histophilu Somni associated with?
thrombo-embolic-meningo-encephalitis
27
Chlamydia: Tx
oxytetracycline
28
Bovine PCV: Normal
30-33
29
Anaplasmosis: Etiology
A. marginale
30
Anaplasmosis: Pathogeneis
intravascular hemolysis => anemia
31
Anaplasmosis: Signs
fever, anorexia, anemia, weakness, abortion
32
T/F: The older the cattle infected w/ Anaplasmosis, the more lethal it is.
true
33
Anaplasmosis: Dx
signs, smear, coag tests
34
Anaplasmosis: Tx
abx, blood transfusion
35
Anaplasmosis: Control
vector and fomite control
36
Babesia: Location
SA, Caribean, australia, africa
37
Babesia: Signs
acute fever, anemia, hemoglobinuria, abortion
38
Babesia: Dx
signs, smear
39
Bovine Leukemia virus: Etiology
retrovirus
40
BLV: Sequelae
adult lymphosarcoma, persistent lymphocytosis, non-apparent infection
41
BLV: Adult Lymphosarcoma - Signs
>3yr old, multicentric enlarged lymph nodes
42
BLV: Dx
sx/necropsy findings, hemogram, biopsy, serology
43
BLV: Tx
none
44
BLV: Control
prevent blood to blood transmission (insects, iatrogentic), test and cull
45
T/F: Massive water intake may lead to extravascular hemolysis
False
| leads to intravascular hemolysis
46
Post-Partum Hemoglobiniuria: Etiology
hypophosphatemia
47
Post-Partum Hemoglobinuria: Signs
intravascular hemolysis
48
Post-partum Hemoglobinuria: Tx
blood transfusion, IV->PO phosphate suppliment
49
Copper Deficiency: Etiology
deficient soil/plants, secondary to molydbeum excess
50
Copper Deficiency: Signs
color change, diarrhea, microcytic hypochromic anemia
51
Valvular Heart Dz: Etiology
systemic infection
52
Valvular Heart Dz: Signs
holosystolic/-diastolic murmur, tachycardia
53
Valvular Heart Dz: Tx
abx, supportive
54
Brisket Dz: Etiology
high altitude => hypoxic vasoconstriction
55
Brisket Dz: Signs
rt. heart failure signs
56
Brisket Dz: Tx
return to normal elevation, supportive
57
Myocarditis: Etiology
septicemia
58
Myocarditis: Signs
fever, congestive heart failure
59
Cardiomyopathy: Etiology
congenital, toxin
60
Cardiomyopathy: Signs
cardiac failure, murmur/arrhythmia, sudden death
61
Pericarditis: Etiology
trauma from reticular foreign body
62
Pericarditis: Signs
fever, peripheral edema, pain, expiratory grunt, muffled/splashing heart sounds
63
Pericarditis: Tx
abx, sx (salvage)
64
What is the most common type of cardiac neoplasia in cattle?
lymphocarcoma
65
Atrial Fibrillation: Etiology
GI Dz, hypocalcemia sequelae
66
Atrial Fibrillation: Signs
asymptomatic, pulse deficit
67
Atrial Fibrillation: Tx
may self correct, quinidine
68
Omphalitis: Etiology
umbilical infection
69
Omphalitis: Signs
enlargement of umbilicus, inflammation
70
Omphalitis: Dx
signs, U/S, centesis
71
Omphalitis: Tx
abx, sx drainage + removal
72
Actinobacillus: Lay Name
wooden tongue
73
Actinobacillus: Signs
painful nodular lesions of tongue
74
Actinobacillus: Tx
sx debride + flush w/ iodine, iodide PO/IV, tetracycline/tlmicosin
75
Actinomycosis: Lay Name
Lumpy Jaw
76
Actinomycosis: Signs
hard immovable mass on mandible, poss fistulous tracts
77
Actinomycosis: Tx
sx drainage + drain/pack w/ iodine, iodide IV
78
Bluetongue: Signs
fever, excess salivation, stiffness, lame, photosensitivity
79
Bluetongue: Dx
ELISA
80
Bluetongue: Tx
supportive, protect from sun
81
Foot and Mouth Dz: Etiology
picornovirus
82
Foot and Mouth Dz: Signs
vesicles on mouth and feet
83
Foot and Mouth Dz: Dx
signs
84
Vesicular Stomatitis: Etiology
vesiculovirus
85
Vesicular Stomatitis: Signs
inflammation of tongue and mouth, vesicles w/ clear/yellow serous fluid
86
Vesicular Stomatitis: Dx
signs, ELISA
87
Bovine Popular Stomatitis: Etiology
parapoxovirus
88
Bovine Popular Stomatitis: Signs
prolifertive lesions around the mouth
89
BVDV: Etiology
Pestivirus
90
BVDV: Types
I - mild and subclinical
| II - acute and clinical
91
BVDV: Signs
fever, anorexia, adr signs
92
BVDV: Dx
serology, skin ELISA (PI)
93
Malignant Catarrhal Fever: Epidemology
sheep -> cow transmission only
94
Malignant Catarrhal Fever: Signs
high fever, severe panophthalmitis
95
Malignant Catarrhal Fever: Dx
signs, iso, FA
96
T/F: Choke in cows is similar to choke in horses
True*
| *but nasal discharge -> salivation, addition of bloat
97
Indigestion: Types
Primary - rumen, reticulum, omasum
| Secondary - abomasum, liver, pharynx, systemic dz, fever
98
Frothy Bloat: Etiology
legume feed, high concentrate
99
Vagus Indigestion: Definition
gross distension of rumen => stasis
100
Vagus Indigestion: Types
experimental, natural (rare)
101
Fermentative Indigestion: Tx
adjust rations
102
Acute Ruminal Acidsosis: Etiology
rapid intra-ruminal fermentaion of carbs
103
Acute Ruminal Acidosis: Pathophysilogy
rapid dec. of rumen pH => inc. gram + bac't => inc. lactic acid production => hypovolemia
104
Acute Ruminal Acidosis: Signs
complete anorexia, rumen atony, dehydration, abdominal distension
105
Acute Ruminal Acidosis: Tx
alkalinaizing agents, abx, rumen lavage, supportive
106
Chronic Ruminal Acidosis: Etiology
feeding finely ground concentrates w/o adequate roughage
107
Chronic Ruminal Acidosis: Signs
low milk fat, laminitis, indigestion
108
Enterotoxemia: Etiology
Clostridium perfringens A, C, D
109
Enterotoxemia: Signs
acute onset, anorexia, no milk, painful distended abdomen
110
Peritonitis: Etiology
penetration of GI into abdomen
111
Peritonitis: Signs
pain, fever, bloated appearance, adhesions (rectal palp)
112
Abomasal Ulcers: Types
large bleeders, small erosions
113
Abomasal Ulcers: Signs
anemia, unthrifty, poss. peritonitis
114
Abomasal Ulcers: Tx
supportive, abx
115
Abomasal Impaction: Etiology
poor quality roughage, hair ball, foreign body
116
Abomasal Impaction: Signs
slow bilateral bloat, dec. defication
117
Abomasal Impation: Tx
laxatives, sx
118
Coccidiosis: Signs
diarrhea w/ fresh blood, straining
119
Coccidiosis: Tx
amprolium for 5d
120
Paratuberculosis: Etiology
Mycobacterium paratuburculosis
121
Paratuberculosis: Signs
chronic protein losing enteropathy (wasting syndrome),
122
Paratuberculosis: Dx
ELISA, culture
123
Salmonellosis: Signs
fever, dehydration, yellow diarrhea w/ blood, pain
124
Salmonellosis: Tx
supportive
125
Winter Dysentery: Etiology
Corona Virus
126
Winter Dysentery: Signs
sudden onset, watery fetid diarrhea, dec. milk production
127
Winter Dysentery: Tx
astringents - tannic acid, copper sulfate
128
Arsenic Toxicosis: Signs
hemorrhagic diarrhea, neuro signs
129
What are common causes of neonatal diarrhea?
E. coli, salmonellosis, C. perfringens type B/C, Rotavirus, Cryptosproridiosis
130
Bovine Liver Flukes: Types
fasciola hepatica, fascioloides magna, dicrocoelium dendriticum
131
Bacillary Hemoglobinuria: Etiology
Clostridium hemolyticum type D
132
Black Dz: Etiology
Clostridium novyi
133
Liver Abscesses: Etiology
Fusobaccterium, Corynebacterium
134
Hypocalcemia: Stages
1 - hypersensitivity, excitement, ataxia
2 - sternal recumbancy, hypothermia, bloat, dilated pupils
3 - flaccid paralysis, lateral recumbancy
135
Hypocalcemia: Tx
Ca borogluconate IV slowly, or PO
136
DCAB/DCAD: Definition
Dietary Cation-Anion Balance/Difference
137
T/F: DCAD should be -10 to -15 after parturition and >40 before
False
| DCAD should be >40 after parturition and -10 to -15 before
138
Hypophosphotemia: Signs
rickets, osteomalacia, stiffness, spontaneous fracture, pica, hemoglobinuria
139
Hypomagnaesemia: Signs
hyperexcitability, hyperesthesia, salivation, ataxia
140
Downer Cow: Lifting Methods
hip lift, sling, inflatable
141
Lepto: Signs
Calves - high fever, anorexia, anemia
| Adult - fever agalactia, hemoglobinuria, meningitis, abortion
142
Lepto: Dx
serology, histopath
143
Lepto: Tx
tetracycline
144
Pyelonephritis: Signs
hematuria, painful urination, kidneys painful on palpation
145
Pyelonephritis: Dx
U/S
146
Pyelonephritis: Tx
Pro pen G
147
T/F: There are no effective treatments for Amyloidosis and Glomerulonephritis
True
148
Acute Tubular Necrosis: Etiology
ischemia, nephrotoxins
149
CSF: Sites for Collection
Cesterna magna, Lumbosacral
150
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy: Signs
hyperesthesia, ataxia, aggression, wt. loss, salivation, pruritis, hypermetria
151
BSE: Dx
IHC, western blot (reportable)
152
Rabies: Dx
FA, ID negri bodies, mouse inoculation
153
Listeria: Signs
early fever, anorexia, proprioceptive deficits, cranial nerve deficits, circling
154
Listeria: Dx
signs, ELISA
155
Listeria: Tx
high dose abx -> normal dose abx
156
TEME: Signs
peracute, high fever, anorexia, ataxia, proprioceptive deficits, head tilt
157
TEME: Dx
signs, CSF cytology
158
TEME: Tx
abx, supportive
159
Polioencephalomalacia: Signs
anorexia, diarrhea, hyperesthesia, muscle tremors, proprioceptive deficits, blindness
