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Large Animal Medicine > II Exam 1 > Flashcards

II Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five freedoms of animal welfare?

A

Freedom from:

hunger + thirst, discomfort, pain/injury/dz, to express normal behavior, fear +distress

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2
Q

What is the general adaptation syndrome?

A

one’s response to stress

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3
Q

A male goat is called a ________________ or ________________, while a female goat is called a ____________________.

A

buck/billy

doe/nanny

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4
Q

A castrated male sheep or goat is referred to as a ______________________.

A

whether

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5
Q

__________________ are probably the oldest domesticated form of livestock.

A

goat

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6
Q

What is a dairy breed of sheep?

A

freisian

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7
Q

What goat breed is kept mainly for as a pet or companion?

A

pygmy

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8
Q

There are no religious taboos against __________________; yet, in many parts of the
world, ___________________ are discriminated against

A

sheep;

goats

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9
Q

What is a common hair-type sheep found in the Caribbean.

A

Barbados black belly

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10
Q

The ____________ breed of goat generally has the richest quality of milk, while the ____________ breed usually gives the largest yield.

A

nubian; saanen

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11
Q

A tall, black-faced meat-type sheep is the __________________.

A

suffolk

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12
Q

What sheep breed renowned for its fine wool quality?

A

cotswold

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13
Q

What breed of sheep known for its fecundity?

A

dorsets can lamb any time

romanovs have litters of lambs

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14
Q

What breed of sheep is multihorned with a spotted coat color?

A

Jacobs

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15
Q

(T/F) The hornless gene in goats is linked with intersex syndrome. The hornless
(polled) gene in sheep and cattle is recessive.

A

False

the hornless gene is dominant

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16
Q

What sheep breed is affected with the callipyge?

A

Rambouillet

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17
Q

What sheep breed from Africa is noted for genetic resistance to parasitism?

A

Tanganyika/Red Maasai

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18
Q

Jacob sheep are used as a biological model to study which human disease syndrome?

A

Tay Sach’s dz

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19
Q

What method do you use when Assessing body condition in sheep and goats?

A

palpation

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20
Q

What sheep breed suffers from spider lamb syndrome?

A

Suffolks

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21
Q

Pregnancy Toxemia: Signs

A

separated, head pressing, star gazing, ketosis, recumbant

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22
Q

Pregnancy Toxemia: Lab

A

early hypoglycemia, later hyperglycemia, ketonemia/-uria, metabloic acidosis, dehydration

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23
Q

Pregnancy Toxemia: Tx

A

fluids, supportive, insulin

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24
Q

Hypocalcemia: Signs

A

stiff gait, tremors, recumbancy

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25
Q

Hypocalcemia: Tx

A

Ca borogluconate IV

oral Ca paste

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26
Q

Hypomagnesemia: Signs

A

stiff gait, tremors, recumbancy

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27
Q

Hypomagnesemia: Tx

A

Ca borogluconate + Mg hypophosphate, diet change

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28
Q

Polioencephalomalacia: Etiology

A

thiamine deficiency

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29
Q

Polioencephalomalacia: Signs

A

sudden onset, head tremors/pressing, star gazing, recumbency, rumen inactivity

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30
Q

Polioencephalomalacia: Tx

A

thiamine HCl, diet change

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31
Q

Lamb Hypothermia: Tx

A

IP glucose (less than 20%

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32
Q

Entropion: Tx

A

create bleb in eye lid to rotate it out

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33
Q

Cu Deficiency: Signs

A

limp straight steely wool, anemia, diarrhea, swayback

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34
Q

Cu Toxicosis: Signs

A

diarrhea, hemoglobinuria, anemia, jaundice

35
Q

Cobalt Deficiency: Signs

A

poor growth, lacrimation, anemia

36
Q

Selenium Deficiency: Signs

A

acute muscular dystrophy (white muscle dz), stiff gait

37
Q

Selenium Toxicosis: Signs

A

stiff gait, emaciation, hoof abnormalities

38
Q

Lead Toxicosis: Tx

A

Ca EDTA

route - IV

39
Q

Coccidiosis: Signalment

A

> 3wks

40
Q

Coccidiosis: Tx

A

sulfonamides, amprolium, ionophores

41
Q

Meningeal Worm: True Host

A

white tailed deer

42
Q

Meningeal Worm: Signs

A

sudden recumbancy but BAR

43
Q

Dermatophalosis: Vector

A

Amblyoma tick

44
Q

Foot Rot: Etiology

A

Dichelobacter

45
Q

Foot Rot: Signs

A

lameness, grazing on knees, interdigital moistness

46
Q

Foot Rot: Tx

A

foot bath

47
Q

Caseous Lymphadenitis: Etiology

A

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

48
Q

Caseous Lymphadenitis: Signs

A

Sheep - internal abscesses (mediastinum)

Goats - external lymph nodes (neck)

49
Q

Clostridium perfringens Type D: Signs

A

convulstions, staggering, recumbancy, enterotoxemia

50
Q

Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis: Etiology

A

lentivirus

51
Q

Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis: Signs

A

progressive arthritis of carpus and tarsus, hard udder, grazzing on knees

52
Q

Ovine Progressive Pneumonia: Etiology

A

retrovirus

53
Q

Ovine Progressive Pneumonia: Sings

A

(2yr incubation), lestlessness, emaciation, dyspnea, cough, firm udder enlargement (hard bag)

54
Q

Ecthyma (Scabby Mouth): Etiology

A

parapox virus

55
Q

Ecthyma (Scabby Mouth): Signs

A

scabbing around mouth, poss. ulcerated,

56
Q

Scrapie: Etiology

A

prion (reportable)

57
Q

Scrapie: Signs

A

pruritis, darting tongue movements

58
Q

Scrapie: Dx

A

lymph tissue of nictitans

59
Q

Listeriosis: Signs

A

fever, neurologic

60
Q

What is the first sign of pneumonia in deer?

A

nasal flare

61
Q

Bovine Lice: Signs

A

rough shaggy coat, wt. loss, pruritis

62
Q

Bovine Lice: Tx

A

insecticides @ 2wk intervals

63
Q

T/F: Screwworm hasn’t been eradicated from NA, and isn’t reportable.

A

False

has been eradicated, and is reportable

64
Q

Stephanofilaria: Etiology

A

filarial dermatitis

65
Q

Stephanofilaria: Primary Site of Infection

A

ventral midline (cracks and fissures)

66
Q

T/F: Warbles are a type bot fly.

A

true

67
Q

Bovine Ringworm: Tx

A

remove crusts, topical meds

68
Q

Dermatophilosis: Signs

A

matted, scabs/crusts, cutaneous keratinization, hyperemic

69
Q

Dermatophilosis: Tx

A

procain penicillin, iodine bath after lesion removal

70
Q

Gangrene: Etiology

A

frostbite, ergotism, thrombosis of skin

71
Q

What causes Fescue Toxicity?

A

symbiotic fungus on fescue grass

72
Q

Photosensitivity: Primary Causes

A

St. John’s wort, buckwheat

73
Q

Photosensitivity: Secondary Causes

A

hepatogenous

74
Q

Thermal Burns: Degrees

A

1st - painful, no blistering
2nd - painful, blistering
3rd - non-painful, full thickness burn
4th - non-painful, bone/muscle involvement

75
Q

Thermal Burns: Tx

A

shock, symptomatic

76
Q

What are the differences between llamas and alpacas?

A

llamas are bigger and have oblong ears, longer heads

77
Q

Male Camelid: Terminology

A

male, macho

78
Q

Cx Male Camelid: Terminology

A

gelding

79
Q

Female Camelid: Terminology

A

female

80
Q

Young Camelid: Terminology

A

pre-weaning - cria

post-weaning - juvenile

81
Q

T/F: Llama/alpacas have fighting teeth.

A

true

82
Q

Camelid: Stomach Compartments

A

C1 - largest, rumen like
C2 - reticulum and omasum like
C3 - acid secreting

83
Q

T/F: Camelids have galbladders.

A

false

they do not have galbladders

84
Q

T/F: Camelids are induced ovulators, and seasonally polyestrus.

A

false

they aren’t seasonally polyestrus

Large Animal Medicine (6 decks)

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