Identity Models Flashcards
Race and Sexual Identity Models
Berry’s Bidirectional acculturation model (BBAM)
Assimilation
Separation
Integration
Marginalization
BBAM - Assimilation
Individuals adopt cultural norms of dominant culture over their own
BBAM - Separation
Individual rejects dominant culture to preserve culture of origin
BBAM - Integration
Individual adopts dominant cultural norms while maintaining culture of origin
Leads to biculturism
BBAM - Marginalization
Individual rejects both culture of origin and dominant culture
Helms’ White Racial Identity Model (HWRIM)
Abandonment of Racism & Defining a Non-Racist Identity
Helms’ White Racial Identity Model Stages
- Contact (oblivious to racism, “doesn’t see color”)
- Disintegration (conflicted over racial moral dilemmas/dissonance)
- Reintegration (regression, blames nonwhites for their own problems)
- Psuedo-independence (development of insight, searches for similarities)
- Immersion/Emersion (confront personal biases, actively combat racism)
- Autonomy (acceptance of identity as a white person, confront biases, and educate on other group experiences)
Stages of Racial and Cultural Identity Development (RCID)
1) Dissonance and Appreciating
2) Resistance and Immersion
3) Introspection
4) Integrative Awareness
RCID - Dissonance and Appreciating
Begins to question identity; moves away from seeing dominant cultural groups as all good.
RCID - Resistance and Immersion
Embraces and holds a positive attitude toward and preference for his or her own race and cultural heritage; rejects dominant values of society and culture
RCID - Introspection
Begins to question the psychological cost of projecting strong feelings toward dominant cultural groups; may struggle with and experience conflicts of loyalty as perspective broadens.
RCID - Integrative Awareness
Has developed a secure, confident sense of racial/cultural identity; becomes multicultural; maintains pride in racial identity and cultural heritage
