Identity and Personality Flashcards
Self- Concept
the sum of the ways in which we describe ourselves: in the present, who we used to be, and who we might be in the future
Identities
Individual components of our self-concept related to the groups to which we belong
Self-Esteem
Our evaluation of ourselves
Self-Efficacy
The degree to which we see ourselves as being capable of a given skill in a given situation
Locus of Control
a self-evaluation that refers to the way we characterize the influences in our lives
Internal Locus of Control
success or failure us a result of our own actions
External Locus of Control
Success or failure is a result of outside factors
Freud’s Stages of Psychosexual Development Basis
based on tensions cause by the libido with failure at any given stage leading to fixation
Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development Basis
stem from conflicts that are the result of decisions we are forced to make about ourselves and the environment around us at each phase of our lives
Erikson’s Stages
Trust vs. Mistrust Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt Initiative vs. Guilt Industry vs. Inferiority Intimacy vs. Isolation Generativity vs. Stagnation Integrity vs. Dispair
Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Reasoning Development
describes the approaches of individuals to resolving moral dilemmas
3 Phases: Preconventional, Conventional, Psotconventional
Psychoanalytic Perspective of Personality
Personality results from unconscious urges and desires
Freud: id, sugerego, ego
Jung: collective unconscious, archetypes
Humanistic Perspective of Personality
emphasized internal feelings of healthy individuals as they strive toward happiness and self-realization
Maslow: Hierarchy of Needs
Rogers: unconditional positive regard
Type and Trait Theory
personality can be described as a number of identifiable traits that carry characteristic behaviours Ancient Greek Humors Sheldon: Somatotyes Type A and B Myer's Briggs Type inventory
Eysenck’s Three Major Traits
psychoticism
extraversion
neuroticism
Big Five Traits
Openness Conscientiousness Extraversion Agreeableness Neuroticism
Allport’s Three Basic Types of Traits
Cardinal
Central
Secondary
Somatic Symptom Disorder
at least one somatic symptom, which may or may not be linked to an underlying medical condition that causes disproportionate concern
Illness Anxiety Disorder
Preoccupation with having or coming down with a serious medical condition
Conversion Disorder
unexplained symptoms affecting motor or sensory function
Personality Disorders
patterns of inflexible, maladaptive behaviour that cause distress or impaired functioning
Cluster A
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Schizoid Personality Disorder
Cluster B
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Borderline Personality Disorder
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Histrionic Personality Disorder
Cluster C
Avoidant Personality Disorder
Dependent Personality Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder
