Identity and Personality Flashcards
Self- Concept
the sum of the ways in which we describe ourselves: in the present, who we used to be, and who we might be in the future
Identities
Individual components of our self-concept related to the groups to which we belong
Self-Esteem
Our evaluation of ourselves
Self-Efficacy
The degree to which we see ourselves as being capable of a given skill in a given situation
Locus of Control
a self-evaluation that refers to the way we characterize the influences in our lives
Internal Locus of Control
success or failure us a result of our own actions
External Locus of Control
Success or failure is a result of outside factors
Freud’s Stages of Psychosexual Development Basis
based on tensions cause by the libido with failure at any given stage leading to fixation
Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development Basis
stem from conflicts that are the result of decisions we are forced to make about ourselves and the environment around us at each phase of our lives
Erikson’s Stages
Trust vs. Mistrust Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt Initiative vs. Guilt Industry vs. Inferiority Intimacy vs. Isolation Generativity vs. Stagnation Integrity vs. Dispair
Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Reasoning Development
describes the approaches of individuals to resolving moral dilemmas
3 Phases: Preconventional, Conventional, Psotconventional
Psychoanalytic Perspective of Personality
Personality results from unconscious urges and desires
Freud: id, sugerego, ego
Jung: collective unconscious, archetypes
Humanistic Perspective of Personality
emphasized internal feelings of healthy individuals as they strive toward happiness and self-realization
Maslow: Hierarchy of Needs
Rogers: unconditional positive regard
Type and Trait Theory
personality can be described as a number of identifiable traits that carry characteristic behaviours Ancient Greek Humors Sheldon: Somatotyes Type A and B Myer's Briggs Type inventory
Eysenck’s Three Major Traits
psychoticism
extraversion
neuroticism
