Biology and Behaviour

Question 1

3 types of neurons in the nervous system?

Answer 1

Motor (efferent), interneurons, sensory (afferent)

Question 2

Branches of the Autonomic Nervous System?

Answer 2

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

Question 3

Functions of the Parasympathetic Nervous System?

Answer 3

Constricts pupils, stimulates flow of saliva, constricts bronchi, slows HR, stimulates peristalsis and secretion, stimulates bile release, contracts bladder

Question 4

Functions of the Sympathetic Nervous System?

Answer 4

Dilates pupils, inhibits salivation, relaxes bronchi, accelerates hearbeat, piloerection or sweating, inhibits peristalsis and secretion, stimulates glucose production and release, secretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline, inhibits bladder contraction, stimulates orgasm

Question 5

Parts of the Hindbrain

Answer 5

cerebellum, medulla, oblongata, reticular formation

Question 6

Parts of the Midbrain

Answer 6

inferior and superior colliculi

Question 7

Parts of Forebrain

Answer 7

thalamus, hypothalamus, basal ganglia, limbic system, cerebral cortex

Question 8

Thalamus

Answer 8

relay station for sensory information

Question 9

Hypothalamus

Answer 9

maintains homeostasis and integrates with the endocrine system through the hypophyseal portal system that connects it to the anterior pituitary

Question 10

Basal Ganglia

Answer 10

smoothens movements and helps maintain postural stability

Question 11

Limbic System

Answer 11

controls emotion and memory includes septal nuclei (pleasure-seeking), amygdala (fear and aggression), hippocampus (memory), and fornix (communication within limbic system)

Question 12

Four lobes of the cerebral cortex

Answer 12

Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal

Question 13

Frontal Lobe

Answer 13

Executive function, impulse control, long term planning (prefrontal cortex), motor function (primary motor cortex), speech production (Broca’s Area)

Question 14

Parietal Lobe

Answer 14

Sensation of touch, pressure, temperature, and pain (somatosensory cortex); spatial processing, orientation, and manipulation

Question 15

Occipital Lobe

Answer 15

visual processing

Question 16

Temporal Lobe

Answer 16

sound processing (auditory cortex), speech perception (Wenicke’s Area), memory, and emotion (limbic)

Question 17

Acetylcholine

Answer 17

voluntary muscle control, parasympathetic nervous system, attention, alertness

Question 18

Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

Answer 18

Fight or flight responses, wakefullness, alertness

Question 19

Dopamine

Answer 19

Smooth movements, postural stability

Question 20

Seretonin

Answer 20

Mood, sleep, eating, dreaming

Question 21

GABA and Glycine

Answer 21

brain stabilization

Question 22

Glutamate

Answer 22

Brain excitation

Question 23

Endorphines

Answer 23

Natural painkillers