Identity and Personality

Question 1

What are Freud’s stages of psychosexual development?

Answer 1

based on tensions caused by the libido, with failure at any given stage leading to fixation (conscious, preconscious, unconscious)

Question 2

What are Erikson’s stages of psychosexual development?

Answer 2

stem from conflicts that are the result of decisions we are forced to make about ourselves and the environment around us at each phase of our lives

-trust vs mistrust, autonomy vs shame and doubt, initiative vs guilt, industry vs inferiority, identity vs role confusion…..

Question 3

What is Kohlberg’s theory of moral reasoning development?

Answer 3

describes the approach of individuals to resolving moral dilemmas, six stages are divided into three main phases: preconventional, conventional, postconventional

Question 4

What is Vygotsky’s theory of cultural and biosocial development?

Answer 4

describes development of language, culture, and skills

Question 5

Psychoanalytic perpective?

Answer 5

personality results from unconscious urges and desires

• Freud- id, superego, ego
• Jung- collective unconscious, archetypes

Question 6

Humanistic perspective?

Answer 6

emphasizes internal feelings of healthy individuals as they strive toward happiness and self realization

• Maslow- hierarchy of needs
• Rogers- unconditional positive regard

Question 7

Type and trait theory?

Answer 7

personality can be described as a number of identifiable traits that carry characteristic behaviors

Question 8

Type theories of personality?

Answer 8

ancient Greek humors, Sheldon’s somatotypes, division into types A and B, Myers Briggs Type Inventory

Question 9

Eysenck’s three major traits?

Answer 9

psychoticism, extraversion, neuroticism

Question 10

Trait theorists’ big five?

Answer 10

1. openness
2. conscientiousness
3. extraversion
4. agreeableness
5. neuroticism

OCEAN

Question 11

Allport’s three basic trait types?

Answer 11

1. cardinal
2. central
3. secondary