ID - parasites

Question 1

Treat with permethrin

Answer 1

scabies

Question 2

Characteristic appearance of scabies:

Answer 2

burrows, especially in finger webs and wrist creases

Question 3

Caused by trematode blood flukes

Answer 3

schistosomiasis

Question 4

Schistosomiasis infection, especially chronic, can lead to ______ ____________.

Answer 4

portal hypertension

Question 5

Treatment for schistosomiasis:

Answer 5

praziquantel

Question 6

What is the only tapeworm that can be transmitted human to human?

Answer 6

Dwarf tapeworm, Taenia nana

Question 7

How is tapeworm transmitted?

Answer 7

Animals (cow, pig, fish) eat human feces containing eggs, then humans eat undercooked beef, pork, or fish.

Question 8

What is cysticercosis?

Answer 8

Tissue infection with cysts of Taenia solium

Question 9

Where is cysticercosis prevalent?

Answer 9

Mexico, Central America, South America, Philippines, SE Asia

Question 10

Cysticercosis is one of the most important causes of ________ in the developing world

Answer 10

seizures

Question 11

Why is treatment of cysticercosis so difficult?

Answer 11

Must balance benefit of cyst clearance against potential harm of an inflammatory response to dying worms

Question 12

When treatment is deemed appropriate, what is the treatment for cysticercosis?

Answer 12

albendazole

praziquantel

Question 13

What is the most common intestinal helminth?

Answer 13

Ascaris lumbricoides

Question 14

Masses of worms may cause intestinal obstruction, volvulus, or death

Answer 14

ascariasis

Question 15

Found where human feces are used as fertilizer

Answer 15

ascariasis

Question 16

Treatment for ascariasis

Answer 16

albendazole

mebendazole

Question 17

parasite that sucks blood from intestine

Answer 17

hookworm

Question 18

Treatment for hookworm

Answer 18

albendazole

mebendazole

Question 19

How do you get hookworm?

Answer 19

larva are in soil and with contact, penetrate skin

Question 20

Enterobius vermicularis

Answer 20

pinworm

Question 21

Who does enterobiasis (pinworm) infect?

Answer 21

Kids

Question 22

What are the signs and symptoms of pinworm?

Answer 22

perianal pruritis, particularly at night

use scotch tape around anus and look for eggs or worms

Question 23

Treatment for pinworms

Answer 23

albendazole

mebendazole

Question 24

undercooked pork

Answer 24

trichinosis

Question 25

Where do Trichinella cysts end up and remain viable for years?

Answer 25

skeletal muscle

Question 26

What is a unique symptom of trichinosis?

Answer 26

periorbital edema

Question 27

What is the treatment for trichinosis?

Answer 27

For full-blown, muscle-infected trichinosis, there is no effective treatment! If you catch it early, you can use your usual mebendazole/albendazole, may prevent progression to tissue invasion

Question 28

How do you prevent infection with trichinosis?

Answer 28

COOK meat to 71 C for 1 minute or irradiate

freezing does NOT work

Question 29

Dog or cat hookworms - they can’t complete their life cycle in humans so they just cause what?

Answer 29

cutaneous disease - cutaneous larval migrans

Question 30

What does cutaneous larval migrans infection look like?

Answer 30

Serpiginous tracks marking the course of the parasite, usually on feet or hands

Question 31

What is the treatment for cutaneous larval migrans?

Answer 31

Mild cases - no treatment. Larvae eventually die and are absorbed.

Topical thiabendazole or systemic albendazole can be used, though