ID - HIV Flashcards
number of people in U.S. with HIV
1.2 million
number of new HIV infections per year in U.S.
50,000
estimate of how many people in U.S. have HIV and don’t know it
200,000
HIV screening is recommended for:
patients aged 13-64 in all health care settings
which are potentially infectious for HIV? (not a complete list) semen tears vomit pericardial fluid sweat urine blood pus snot vaginal secretions
semen pericardial fluid blood pus vaginal secretions
top three transmission demographics for HIV, in U.S.
men who have sex with men
IV drug use
hetero sex
worldwide, number of people living with HIV
33 million
highest risk behavior for HIV transmission:
receptive anal intercourse (between 1:100 and 1:30)
What is the window period?
When antibody tests for HIV may be negative - after initial infection while viral load is rising but antibodies are not yet measurable in blood…HIV RNA tests will be positive though…need to do PCR
it is possible for a mother to transmit HIV to baby via breast feeding T/F
TRUE
general timeline of untreated HIV infection:
~primary infection - flu-like
~latent/asymptomatic - virus count rising, CD4 count falling, no symptoms (this phase could last years)
~early symptomatic
~CD4 < 200, opportunistic infections/cancers - AIDS
death from opportunistic infections/cancers
unique factors about HIV immunosuppression
low incidence of some things like aspergillosis and listeriosis
high incidence of things like kaposi and lymphoma
top 4 conditions that define an AIDS diagnosis
- PCP
- esophageal candidiasis
- wasting, Kaposi sarcoma
Early opportunistic infections (CD4 > 500)
VZV, pneumococcus, HSV
Middle opportunistic infections (250 < CD4 < 500)
TB, salmonella, syphilis, kaposi, candida
