ID - antibiotics

Question 1

Name 2 first generation cephalosporins

Answer 1

cefazolin

cephalexin

Question 2

Name 2 second generation cephalosporins

Answer 2

cefuroxime

cefoxitin

Question 3

Name 2 third generation cephalosporins

Answer 3

ceftriaxone

ceftazidine

Question 4

Name a fourth generation cephalosporin

Answer 4

cefepime

Question 5

By themselves, aminoglycosides are only good for ____

Answer 5

gram negatives

Question 6

This class of abx has cartilage/tendon toxicity

Answer 6

fluoroquinolones

Question 7

causes tooth discoloration in kids

Answer 7

tetracycline

Question 8

The only oral options for Pseudomonas are:

Answer 8

ciprofloxacin

levofloxacin

Question 9

Cefepime is a ____ generation cephalosporin

Answer 9

4th

Question 10

Name 3 macrolides

Answer 10

erythromycin
clarithromycin
azithromycin

Question 11

Cephalexin is a ______ generation cephalosporin

Answer 11

1st

Question 12

Cefuroxime is a ______ generation cephalosporin

Answer 12

2nd

Question 13

Ceftriaxone is a ______ generation cephalosporin

Answer 13

3rd

Question 14

2 toxicities of aminoglycosides

Answer 14

ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity

Question 15

which toxicity is associated with prolonged peak levels of aminoglycosides?

Answer 15

ototoxicity…7-10 days of treatment with peaks above recommended levels

Question 16

which toxicity is associated with prolonged trough levels above recommended ranges?

Answer 16

nephrotoxicity…drug is retained in proximal tube and results in kidney damage

Question 17

pen VK

Answer 17

upper respiratory infections

Question 18

amoxicillin

Answer 18

strep, URI

Question 19

piperacillin

Answer 19

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, severe infections, gram negs

Question 20

nafcillin

Answer 20

MSSA

Question 21

monobactams e.g. aztreonam

Answer 21

gram neg, enterobacteria

Question 22

imipenem

Answer 22

broad spectrum

Question 23

vancomycin

Answer 23

MRSA; adverse reaction = “red man syndrome”

Question 24

tetracyclines

Answer 24

respiratory infections

Question 25

quinolones e.g. ciprofloxacin

Answer 25

often used for UTI when concerned of spreading to kidneys

Question 26

macrolides

Answer 26

gram pos, H. flu, respiratory infections; CYP450 interactions

Question 27

drug used if penicillin allergy

Answer 27

erythromycin

Question 28

clindamycin

Answer 28

anaerobes; risk of C. diff

Question 29

metronidazole

Answer 29

anaerobes; vaginal & intra-abdominal infections

Question 30

chloramphenicol

Answer 30

reserved for very serious infections, e.g. brain abscess
broad spectrum but increasing resistance
CYP450 interactions