ID - antibiotics Flashcards
Name 2 first generation cephalosporins
cefazolin
cephalexin
Name 2 second generation cephalosporins
cefuroxime
cefoxitin
Name 2 third generation cephalosporins
ceftriaxone
ceftazidine
Name a fourth generation cephalosporin
cefepime
By themselves, aminoglycosides are only good for ____
gram negatives
This class of abx has cartilage/tendon toxicity
fluoroquinolones
causes tooth discoloration in kids
tetracycline
The only oral options for Pseudomonas are:
ciprofloxacin
levofloxacin
Cefepime is a ____ generation cephalosporin
4th
Name 3 macrolides
erythromycin
clarithromycin
azithromycin
Cephalexin is a ______ generation cephalosporin
1st
Cefuroxime is a ______ generation cephalosporin
2nd
Ceftriaxone is a ______ generation cephalosporin
3rd
2 toxicities of aminoglycosides
ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity
which toxicity is associated with prolonged peak levels of aminoglycosides?
ototoxicity…7-10 days of treatment with peaks above recommended levels
which toxicity is associated with prolonged trough levels above recommended ranges?
nephrotoxicity…drug is retained in proximal tube and results in kidney damage
pen VK
upper respiratory infections
amoxicillin
strep, URI
piperacillin
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, severe infections, gram negs
nafcillin
MSSA
monobactams e.g. aztreonam
gram neg, enterobacteria
imipenem
broad spectrum
vancomycin
MRSA; adverse reaction = “red man syndrome”
tetracyclines
respiratory infections
quinolones e.g. ciprofloxacin
often used for UTI when concerned of spreading to kidneys
macrolides
gram pos, H. flu, respiratory infections; CYP450 interactions
drug used if penicillin allergy
erythromycin
clindamycin
anaerobes; risk of C. diff
metronidazole
anaerobes; vaginal & intra-abdominal infections
chloramphenicol
reserved for very serious infections, e.g. brain abscess
broad spectrum but increasing resistance
CYP450 interactions
