ICAO- International Civil Aviation Organisation

Question 1

Initial Paris conference 1910-1918.

Answer 1

European States agreed some basic principles

Question 2

What happened in 1919?

Answer 2

Paris peace conference.

38 international states ratified 43 articles ICAN (International Commission for Air Navigation)

Question 3

How many states signed the Chicago convention and when?

Answer 3

52 states signed December 1944

Question 4

Chicago Convention

Answer 4

52 states signed December 1944. Unable to agree on commercial rights of civil aviation but gave rise to supplementary agreements.
-International Air Services Transit Agreement.
-International Air Transport Agreement.
Known as the 5 Freedoms

Question 5

What supplementary agreements came about due to the Chicago Convention?

Answer 5

International Air services Transit Agreement.

International air transport agreement

Question 6

List the “5 freedoms”

Answer 6

1) The privilege to overfly without landing.
2) The privilege to land for non-commercial reason.
3) The privilege to put down passengers, mail and cargo taken on in the territory of registration of the aircraft.
4) The privilege to take on passengers mail bound for the territory or registration of the aircraft.
5) The privilege to take on passengers mail and cargo destined for the territory of any other contracting states and to put down passengers mail and cargo coming from any such territory.

Question 7

The International Air Transport Agreement

Answer 7

Signatories to this agreement extend to each other the two freedoms of the transit agreement together with a further three.

Question 8

Cabotage

Answer 8

A state shall have the right to refuse permission to the aircraft of other contracting states to take on its territory passengers, mail and cargo for remuneration or hire and destined for another point within its territory.

Each contracting state undertakes not to enter into any arrangements which specifically grant any such privilege on an exclusive basis to any other state, or an airline of any other state and not to obtain any such exclusive privilege from any other state.

Question 9

When was ICAO formed?

Answer 9

April 4th 1947

Question 10

State ICAOs aims and objectives

Answer 10

• Safe and orderly growth of international civil aviation worldwide.
• Aircraft design for peaceful purposes.
• Develop airways, airports, navigation facilities for international aviation.
• Promote safe, regular, efficient and economical air transport.
• Prevent waste caused by unreasonable competition.
• Ensure rights are respected and every state has right to operate international airlines.

Avoid discrimination between states.

• Promote flight safety.
• Promote all aspects of civil aeronautics.

Question 11

Where is ICAOs main office?

Answer 11

Montreal Canada

Question 12

Where are the regional offices?

Answer 12

Bangkok
Cairo 
Dakar
Lima
Mexico City 
Nairobi
Paris 

Each one accredited to a group of contracting states.

Question 13

List the representative bodies of ICAO

Answer 13

The Assembly: Members are all contracting states. Has overall authority.

The Council: 36 contracting states elected by assembly.

6 Committees: Appointed by and responsible to the council.

Air Navigation Commission:

• Air Transport Committee
• Legal Committee
• Finance Committee
• Committee of unlawful interference
• Committee on Joint support of Navigation Services.

Question 14

How many technical divisions of the air navigation commission are there?

Answer 14

There are 11 technical division of the air navigation commisssion

Question 15

List the 11 technical divisions of the ANC

Answer 15

• AGA Aerodromes, Air Routes, Ground Aids
• AIG Accident Investigation
• AIS Aeronautical Information Service
• COM Aeronautical Communications
• MAP Aeronautical Charts
• OPS operation of Aircraft
• SAR Search and Rescue
• PEL Personnel Licensing
• AIR Airworthiness
• RAC Rules of the Air and Air Traffic Control
• MET Meteorology

Question 16

Drafting of Standards

Answer 16

• Precision in procedures and systems is made possible by the existence of universally accepted standards
• known as Standards and Recommended practices (SARPs) these are written by the technical divisions and published for adoption worldwide following consultation.
• These are written into ICAO Annexes.

Question 17

SARPs cover all technical and operational aspects of international civil aviation, such as:

Answer 17

• Safety
• Personnel licensing
• Operation of aircraft
• Aerodromes
• Air traffic services
• Accident investigation;and
• The environment

Question 18

Standard Practices

Answer 18

Any specification the uniform applications of which is agreed necessary for the safety or regulatory of international civil air navigation.

Differences are lodged by member states with ICAO.

Question 19

Recommended Practices

Answer 19

Any specification the uniforms applications of which is agreed desirable for the safety or regulatory of international civil air navigation.

Differences are not lodged with ICAO.

Question 20

There are 19 ICAO Annexes containing these international standards and recommended practices.

List the 19 Annexes

Answer 20

1) Personnel licensing
2) Rules of the Air
3) Met Services
4) Aeronautical Charts
5) Units of Measurements
6) International Transport
7) Aircraft Nationality
8) Airworthiness
9) Facilitation
10) Telecommunications
11) Air Traffic Services
12) Search and Rescue
13) Aircraft Accident and Incident Investigation
14) Aerodromes
15) AIS
16) Environment Protection
17) Security
18) Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods
19) Safety Management

Question 21

SARPs

Answer 21

SARPs are formulated in broad terms and restricted to essential requirements.

For complex systems such as communications equipment SARPs material is constructed in two sections.

1) Core SARPs - material of a fundamental regulatory nature contained within the main body of the Annexes.
2) Detailed Technical Specifications- placed either in appendices to Annexes or in manuals.

Differences- The differences to SARPs notified by member states are published in supplements to Annexes.

Question 22

Annex contents

Answer 22

1) Definitions
2) Standards
3) Recommended practices
4) Appendices (white pages) explanation of 1 and 2
5) Attachments (green pages) guide to use of 1 and 2
6) Supplement (states differences if any)

Question 23

The main annexes concerning those in ATC are?

Answer 23

Annex 1 - Personnel licensing

Annex 2 - Rules of the air

Annex 11 - Air Traffic Services

Question 24

Annex 1 - Personnel Licensing

Answer 24

These standards are used to write our ANO schedules relating to licensing of many discipline including pilots and controllers.

Question 25

Annex 2 - Rules of the Air

Answer 25

The rules in annex 2 consist of general rules, visual flight rules and instrument flight rules and apply without exception over the high seas and over national territories of the extent that they do not conflict with the rules of the state being overflown.

These are incorporated into our MATS part 1 and ANO.

Question 26

Annex 11 - Air Traffic Services

Answer 26

Annex 11 defines air traffic services and specifies the worldwide standards and recommended practices applicable in the provision of these services.

Question 27

Decision Making

Answer 27

• Ideas or proposals to amend the annexes are discussed in a variety of meetings and at the assembly.
• The proposals then go on to the ANC and ultimately are recommended to the council, where they approved or rejected.
• At ICAO, the consensus building is admirable and usually successful.
• However, it also implies that the implementation of some decisions is very time consuming.