IC18

Question 1

Notification of STIs should be done within _____ of diagnosis

Answer 1

72h

Question 2

Notification of STIs (excluding HIV/AIDS) is not meant for ______

Answer 2

case detection or contact tracing

Question 3

Only demographic data (_______) for epidemiologic analysis is required

Answer 3

age, gender, ethnicity, nationality

Question 4

________ is mandatory in HIV/AIDS

Answer 4

Partner notification

Question 5

Which STI could spread during pregnancy to the child?

Answer 5

HIV, syphilis

Question 6

Which STI could spread from mother to child during childbirth?

Answer 6

Chlamydia, gonorrhea, HSV

Question 7

Which STI could spread from mother to child during breastfeeding?

Answer 7

HIV

Question 8

Characteristic of Neisseria gonorhheae

Answer 8

intracellular gram- negative diplococci

Question 9

Bacteria causing chlamydial infection

Answer 9

Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 10

Bacteria causing syphilis

Answer 10

Treponema pallidum

Question 11

What does treponemal test detect?

Answer 11

Treponemal antibody

Question 12

Can treponemal test be used for monitoring?

Answer 12

No, as treponemal antibody be remain active for life

Question 13

Frequency of Monitoring of VDRL/ RCR after syphilis therapy

Answer 13

3,6,12,18,24 OR 6,12,24 months

Question 14

Monitoring for Neurosyphilis

Answer 14

CSF examination every 6 month until CSF normal

Question 15

Virus causing genital herpes

Answer 15

Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 & HSV-2)

Question 16

Most recurrent genital herpes are caused by _____

Answer 16

HSV-2

Question 17

Mode of transmission for herpes

Answer 17

transfer of body fluids and intimate skin- to-skin contact

Question 18

5 stages in HSV infection

Answer 18

1. Primary mucocutaneous infection,
2. infection of the nerve ganglia,
3. establishment of latency,
4. reactivation, and
5. recurrent outbreaks/flairs

Question 19

Benefits of acyclovir and valacyclovir

Answer 19

Reduce viral shedding, duration of symptoms & time to healing

Question 19

Does antiviral tx for HSV prevent latency or affect frequency and severity of recurrent disease after drug is discontinued?

Answer 19

No

Question 20

MOA for acyclovir

Answer 20

inhibits viral DNA polymerase → inhibits DNA synthesis and replication.

Question 21

Valacyclovir is an ____ of acyclovir

Answer 21

L-valine ester

Question 22

Valacyclovir is rapidly and almost completely converted in man to _______.

Answer 22

acyclovir and valine

Question 23

For HIV, which population is mandated to be tested for HIV?

Answer 23

Pregnant women

Question 24

How does HIV enter CD4 cell?

Answer 24

Binds to CD4 receptor & one of the coreceptors CCR5 or CXCR4

Question 25

Definition of adequate CD4 response

Answer 25

increase in CD4 count in the range of 50 to 150 cells/mm3 during the first year of therapy

Question 26

Which NRTI can cause bone marrow suppression thus need to monitor FBC?

Answer 26

Zidovudine

Question 27

All NRTIs need to be adjusted in renal impairment except ____

Answer 27

abacavir

Question 28

Which NRTI could incr osteoporosis risk?

Answer 28

Tenofovir

Question 29

What is rilpivirine contraindicated with?

Answer 29

PPIs (oral absorption is reduced with increased gastric pH)

Question 29

What is rilpivirine contraindicated with?

Answer 29

PPIs (oral absorption is reduced with increased gastric pH)

Question 30

What is Atazanavir contraindicated with?

Answer 30

PPIs

Question 31

Definition of AIDS

Answer 31

CD4 < 200 / mm3

Question 32

Impact of bictegravir/ dolutegravir on SCr?

Answer 32

Increase as it blocks creatine secretion

Question 33

ADR for raltegravir

Answer 33

Pyrexia, rhabdomyolysis (incr creatine kinase)

Question 34

Examples of PK enhancers

Answer 34

ritonavir / cobicistat (also cyp3A4 inhibitors)

Question 35

Which protease inhibitor is a sulfonamide hence has concern for SJS?

Answer 35

Darunavir

Question 36

Additional SE for ritonavir

Answer 36

Paresthesia (numbness of extremities), taste perversion

Question 37

What is Atazanavir contraindicated with?

Answer 37

PPIs

Question 38

Name 2 NNRTIs

Answer 38

Efavirenz, rilpivirine

Question 39

Which class do raltegravir, dolutegravir and bictegravir belong to?

Answer 39

INSTI

Question 40

ADR for efavirenz

Answer 40

Neuropsychiatric SE

Question 41

Adverse effect related to mitochondrial toxicity

Answer 41

Lactic acidosis and hepatic steatosis, lipoatrophy

Question 42

Example of fusion inhibitor

Answer 42

Enfuvirtide

Question 43

ADR for enfuvirtide

Answer 43

Injection site reaction

Question 44

Example of CCR5 antagonist

Answer 44

Maraviroc

Question 45

Test to do before initiating a CCR5 antagonist

Answer 45

co-receptor tropism assay

Question 46

Prodromal symptoms for HSV

Answer 46

mild burning, itching, or tingling

Question 47

Clinical presentation for HSV

Answer 47

- classical painful multiple vesicular or ulcerative lesions - Also local itching, pain, tender inguinal lymphadenopathy

Question 48

Presence of HSV-2 antibody implies _______ infection

Answer 48

anogenital infection

Question 49

Two types of nontreponemal test

Answer 49

- Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) slide test - Rapid plasma reagin (RPR) card test

Question 50

Counselling for acyclovir (HSV)

Answer 50

Take without regards to food, after food if GI upset. SE: Malaise, headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea. Maintain adequate hydration to prevent crystallisation in renal tubules

Question 51

Counselling for valacyclovir (HSV)

Answer 51

Take without regards to food, after food if GI upset. SE: headache. Maintain adequate hydration to prevent crystallisation in renal tubules