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Molecular Biology Exam 2 > IC Vesicular Traffic 2 > Flashcards

IC Vesicular Traffic 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Characteristics of Phagocytosis

A
  • Ingest invading microorganisms
  • Scavenge senescent cells and apoptosis cells
  • Phagosomes fuse w/ lysosomes
  • Undigested material is secreted out by exocytosis
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2
Q

Synaptic vesicles possess ______ and ______ for Fusion with PM

A
  • Synapto-TAGMIN

- Synapto-BREVIN
V-SNARE

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3
Q

Sorting of Lysosomal Proteins in the TGN

A
  • M6P Receptors Recognize the sugar
  • Receptors bind to HYDROLASES and to the ADAPTOR proteins in assembling clathrin coats
  • Packaged into Clathrin-coated vesicles that bud from TGN
  • Contents delivered into Endosomes and then to Lysosomes
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4
Q

Inclusion Cell Disease

A
  • All of the Lysosomal HYDROLASES are missing in many cell types
  • Undigested substrates accumulate as “INCLUSIONS”
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5
Q

Sorting of Lysosomal Proteins in the CGN

A
  • Lysosomal HYDROLASES have the sorting signal M6P attached to them
  • Contents delivered into Endosomes and then to Lysosomes
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6
Q

Receptor mediated Endocytosis

A
  • Molec bind to receptors on membrane surface
  • Accumulate in CLATHRIN coated pits
  • Provides selective [ ] mech
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7
Q

Defective or Missing GlcNAc PTA

A

Enzyme is NOT phosphorylated

  • Not skirted into vesicles
  • NOT delivered to Lysosomes
  • Instead Carried to cell surface and secreted in the BLOOD
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8
Q

What are the multiple pathways to deliver materials to the Lysosomes

A
  1. Phagocytosis
    - Large Microorganisms
  2. Endocytosis
    - Uptake of Macromolecules from Exterior
  3. Pinocytosis
    - Cell Drinking
  4. Autophagy
    - Engulf Cytosol and Organelles
  • ALL will Fuse w/ LYSOSOME *
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9
Q

What are the 2 types of Exocytosis?

A
  • Constitutive

- Regulated

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10
Q

The PM possess ______ and ______ for Fusion with the SynaptiC Vesicle.

A

2 T-SNARES
- SNAP 25

  • Syntaxin
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11
Q

Characteristics of Endocytosis

A
  • Uptake of macromolecules from the EXTERIOR across the PM
  • Materials enclosed in portion of PM
  • PM invaginates and pinches off to form vesicle
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12
Q

Blockage of the Cholesterol uptake pathway results in what?

A

Atherosclerosis

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13
Q

Clathrin’s role in vesicle formation

A
  • Used in the TGN
  • Binds to Immature Secretory vesicle
  • Condenses it to a MATURE secretory vesicle

“Cargo [ ]”

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14
Q

Mechanism of Phagocytosis

A
  • Binding triggers formation of PSEUDOPOD

- Engulfs the particle and forms Phagosomes

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15
Q

Exocytosis is the transport of vesicles from ____ to the ____.

A
  • TGN

- PM

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16
Q

3 fates of Protein sorting in TGN

A
  1. Signal-Mediated to LYSOSOMES
  2. Signal-Mediated to Secretory Vesicle (Regualted)
  3. Constitutive Secretory pathway
17
Q

Hurler’s Disease

A

Mutation in the enzyme req to break down GAG chains

18
Q

Storage of plasma membrane proteins in Recycling Endosomes: Insulin receptor

A
  • IC pool of Glucose transporters in recycling endosomes
  • Insulin Signal on the surface receptors causes relocalization of glucose receptors to plasma membrane to boost glucose uptake into the cell
19
Q

What cells are also phagocytes?

A
  1. Macrophages

2. Neutrophils

20
Q

Pseudopod formation is driven by what?

A
  • Actin polymerization

- Reorganization

21
Q

Characteristics of Lysosomes

A
  • Heterogenous
  • Derived from LATE Endosomes
  • Has 40+ types of enzymes
  • Membrane protects the rest of the cell
  • Transporters in the membrane pump out end products of digestion
22
Q

Constituted vs Regulated Exocytosis

A

C
- Secretory path operates CONTINUOUSLY

R
- Secretory path TRIGGERED by SIGNALS
(Hormone or NT)

23
Q

Role of GlcNAc Phosphotransferase

A
  • An Enzyme that adds M6P to Lysosomal HYDROLASES
24
Q

What are lysosomes filled with?

A

Hydrolytic Enzymes

25
Q

How is Phagocytosis triggered

A
  • Triggered by binding of particle to receptor on phagocyte surface
26
Q

Phagocytosis is Controlled by what?

A
  • Rho GTPases

- Phosphoinisitide Signaling (PI 3-Kinase)

27
Q

Role of Vacuolar ATPase

A
  • Pumps H+ Into lysosomes
  • Maintain the Acidic environment
  • Drive Transport of small metabolites
28
Q

Cholesterol Uptake requires what?

A
  • LDL
  • LDL receptors
  • PM
  • Clathrin Coat
  • Endosome
  • LYSOSOME ———> Free Cholesterol

Molecular Biology Exam 2 (7 decks)

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