IBD, IBS, Diverticular Disease & Common Anorectal Disorders

Question 1

two major types of IBD

Answer 1

Ulcerative colitis

Crohn’s disease

Question 2

endoscopic changes of backwash ileitis

Answer 2

ulcerative colitis (macroscopic)

Question 3

mucosa is erythematous and has a fine granular surface that resembles sandpaper

Answer 3

mild inflammation (UC)

Question 4

mucosa is hemorrhagic, edematous and ulcerated

Answer 4

more severe disease (UC)

Question 5

induce transmural granulomatous inflammation that resembles CD

Answer 5

TH1

Question 6

induce superficial mucosal inflammation resembling UC

Answer 6

TH2

Question 7

responsible for neutrophilic recruitment

Answer 7

TH17

Question 8

diarrhea
rectal bleeding
tenesmus
passage of mucus 
crampy abdominal pain

Answer 8

ulcerative colitis

Question 9

toxic colitis

Answer 9

severe pain and bleeding

Question 10

megacolon

Answer 10

hepatic tympany

Question 11

glycoprotein present in activated neutrophils, is highly sensitive and specific marker for detecting intestinal inflammation

Answer 11

fecal lactoferrin

Question 12

present in neutrophils and monocytes and levels correlate well with histologic inflammation, predict relapses, and detect pouchitis

Answer 12

fecal calprotectin

Question 13

used frequently to rule out active inflammation versus symptoms of irritable bowel or bacterial overgrowth

Answer 13

fecal lactoferrin

calprotectin

Question 14

transverse or right colon with a diameter of >6cm, with loss of haustration in patients with severe attacks of UC

Answer 14

toxic megacolon

Question 15

most dangerous of the local complications

Answer 15

perforation

Question 16

transmural process

Answer 16

CD

Question 17

cobblestone appearance endoscopically and by barium radiography

Answer 17

CD

Question 18

earliest lesions of CD

Answer 18

aphthoid ulcerations

focal crypt abscesses with loose aggregations of macrophage

Question 19

fibrostenotic obstructing pattern

penetrating fistulous patter

Answer 19

CD

Question 20

most common site of inflammation in CD

Answer 20

terminal ileum

Question 21

string sign on barium studies results from a severely narrowed loop of bowel

Answer 21

ileocolits

Question 22

enterovesical fistulas typically present as

Answer 22

dysuria or
recurrent bladder infections or
less commonly:
pneumaturia or fecaluria

Question 23

extensive inflammatory disease associated with a loss of digestive and absorptive surface, resulting in malabsorption and steatorrhea

Answer 23

jejunoileitis

Question 24

increased anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCAs)

Answer 24

CD

Question 25

perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA)

Answer 25

UC

Question 26

can be confused with CD clinically and radiographically

Answer 26

diverticulitis

Question 27

most common ocular complication in IBD

Answer 27

conjunctivitis
anterior uveitis/ iritis
episcleritis

Question 28

benign disorder that presents with symptoms of mild ocular burning

Answer 28

episcleritis

Question 29

gold standard for primary sclerosing cholangitis

Answer 29

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

Question 30

most frequent genitourinary complications

Answer 30

calculi
ureteral obstruction
ileal bladder fistulas

Question 31

glucocorticoid that supresses the pituitary-sdrenal axis causing osteoporosis

Answer 31

budesonide

Question 32

death of osteocytes and adipocytes leading to bone collapse

Answer 32

osteonecrosis

Question 33

more common cardiopulmonary manifestations

Answer 33

endocarditis
myocarditis
pleuropericarditis
interstitial lung disease