I. Personalities

Question 1

Discovered the crust-mantle boundary (Moho Discontinuity)

Answer 1

Andrija Mohorovicic

Question 2

Discovered the Gutenberg Discontinuity

Answer 2

Beno Gutenberg

Question 3

Discovered Earth’s solid inner core inside a liquid outer core

Answer 3

Inge Lehmann

Question 4

Proposed the existence of transform plate boundaries

Answer 4

J. Tuzo Wilson

Question 5

Proposed the magnetic striping on the seafloor

Answer 5

Fred Vine and Drummond Matthews

Question 6

Developed the theory of seafloor spreading in 1968

Answer 6

Harry Hess and Robert Dietz

Question 7

Proposed the theory of continental drift in the 1900s

Answer 7

Alfred Wegener

Question 8

Created a model fitting South America and Africa together

Answer 8

Sir Edward Bullard

Question 9

Developed the Richter Scale in 1935

Answer 9

Charles Richter

Question 10

Developed the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale

Answer 10

Giuseppe Mercalli

Question 11

Father of geothermal energy in the Philippines

Answer 11

Arturo Alcaraz

Question 12

Father of Philippine geology

Answer 12

Jose Ma. Feliciano

Question 13

Directed PHIVOLCS (1984-2002), oversaw the 1990 Luzon earthquake & 1991 Pinatubo eruption

Answer 13

Raymundo Punongbayan

Question 14

Directed PHIVOLCS (2003-2017)

Answer 14

Renato Solidum

Question 15

Proposed the Big Bang Theory

Answer 15

Georges Lemaitre

Question 16

Father of modern geology, wrote ‘Theory of the Earth’ (1795)

Answer 16

James Hutton

Question 17

Led a pioneering exploration of the Grand Canyon

Answer 17

John Wesley Powell

Question 18

Proposed the principle of fossil/faunal succession

Answer 18

William Smith

Question 19

Developed radiocarbon dating

Answer 19

William Libby

Question 20

Demonstrated spontaneous formation of organic compounds

Answer 20

Stanley Miller and Harold Urey

Question 21

Father of modern petrology

Answer 21

Norman Levy Bowen

Question 22

Coined the name ‘geochemistry’ in 1838

Answer 22

Christian Friedrich Schonbein

Question 23

Father of Geochemistry

Answer 23

Frank W. Clark

Question 24

Father of Modern Geochemistry

Answer 24

Victor M. Goldschmidt

Question 25

Developed the periodic table of elements

Answer 25

Dmitri Mendeleev

Question 26

Helped establish BC and AD in time

Answer 26

St. Augustine of Hippo

Question 27

Deduced from the Bible that Creation occurred in October 23, 4004 BC

Answer 27

James Ussher

Question 28

Proposed a catastrophic theory where a comet pulled material from the Sun

Answer 28

Georges Louis de Buffon

Question 29

Estimated Earth’s age as 90-100 million years using ocean salinity

Answer 29

John Joly

Question 30

Proposed principles of superposition, original horizontality, and lateral continuity

Answer 30

Nicolas Steno

Question 31

Developed the theory of Neptunism

Answer 31

Abraham Gottlob Werner

Question 32

Father of comparative anatomy and vertebrate paleontology

Answer 32

Baron Georges Cuvier

Question 33

Co-founded Uniformitarianism

Answer 33

Charles Lyell

Question 34

Estimated Earth’s age using thermodynamics

Answer 34

Lord Kelvin (William Thomson)

Question 35

Proposed Walther’s Law

Answer 35

Johannes Walther

Question 36

Coined the term ‘Ordovician’

Answer 36

Charles Lapworth

Question 37

Coined the term ‘Cambrian’ and ‘Devonian’ (with Murchison)

Answer 37

Adam Sedgwick

Question 38

Coined the term ‘Silurian’, ‘Devonian’ (with Sedgwick), and ‘Permian’

Answer 38

Roderick Murchison

Question 39

Coined the term ‘Quaternary’

Answer 39

Jules Desnoyers

Question 40

Coined the term ‘Cretaceous’

Answer 40

Jean Baptiste Julien d’Omalius d’Halloy

Question 41

Coined the term ‘Triassic’

Answer 41

Friedrich August von Alberti

Question 42

Coined the term ‘Jurassic’

Answer 42

Alexander von Humboldt

Question 43

Father of Italian Geology, coined ‘Tertiary’

Answer 43

Giovanni Arduino

Question 44

First to reach the summit of Mt. Everest (May 29, 1953)

Answer 44

Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay

Question 45

First Filipino to climb Mount Everest (May 15, 2006)

Answer 45

Dale Abenojar

Question 46

Pioneers of marine geophysics

Answer 46

Edward Bullard and Maurice Ewing

Question 47

Father of GIS (Geographic Information Systems)

Answer 47

Roger Tomlinson