I-J-K

Question 1

Identity

Answer 1

A person’s sense of and expression of their group affiliations and individuality

Question 2

Incentive theory

Answer 2

Motivation is based on external incentives rather than internal drives. People’s varying behaviors results from the different incentives in their environment and the differing values they place on those incentives.

Question 3

Incidence rate

Answer 3

Total number of newly appearing cases of a disease per unit time, usually given as a proportion (e.g 5 per 1,000 or 0.045%, or 1 in 100,000)

Question 4

Inclusive fitness

Answer 4

The ability of an organism to increase its fitness by behaving altruistically to support group members that share its genes. (e.g. a worker honey bee surrounded any possibility of reproducing itself but supporting the hive increase inclusive fitness and the reproduction of its genes through the queen)

Question 5

Individual discrimination

Answer 5

Treatment of one individual by another in a way that is worse than a normal social interaction owing to some group affiliation (e.g. charging a higher rate for cleaning service for a customer in an ethnic minority because “they’re messier people”)

Question 6

Ingroup

Answer 6

Any group that a person psychologically identifies as their own

Question 7

Innate behaviors

Answer 7

Instinctive behavior that occurs in the absence of any learning or experience. Can be simple or fairly complex behaviors

Question 8

Institutional discrimination

Answer 8

Unjust discriminatory treatment of a group by formal organizations such as governments, public institutions, and corporations. typically codified into set rules (e.g. racial segregation laws)

Question 9

Intelligence

Answer 9

Many different definitions that generally relate to problem-solving ability, abstract thinking, and ability to learn from experience

Question 10

Interactionist theory of language development

Answer 10

Language is acquired through social interaction with adults. Emphasizes the role of feedback and reinforcement. Requires modeling of adults

Question 11

Intuition in problem solving

Answer 11

The ability to have knowledge or solve a problem without rational inference or reasoning. Subjects typically don’t know the process by which they have the intuitive judgement. Associated with the right brain

Question 12

James-Lange theory

Answer 12

Emotions start as physiological states in the body and emotions are reactions to those bodily responses

Question 13

Kinesthetic sense

Answer 13

Sense of the position of body parts relative to another one. Usually involves motion/ movement

Question 14

Kohlberg Stages

Answer 14

Moral Development

Stages that represent an individual’s ability to reason through ethical and moral questions. Relate not to the outcome (decision made), but the process by which an individual thinks about ethical questions

Pre-conventional: obedience and punishment, self interested
Conventional: conformity, authority obedience
Post-conventional: universal ethical principles

Question 15

Korsakoff’s syndrome

Answer 15

Neurological disorder due to lack of thiamine (vitamin B1) associated with chronic alcoholism. Involves memory loss, invented memories, lack of insight, and apathy