Hypothesis Testing

Question 1

What does H0 mean

Answer 1

Null hypothesis

Question 2

What does H1 represent

Answer 2

Research hypothesis

Question 3

What is a type 1 error

Answer 3

When the null hypothesis is actually true

Question 4

What is a type 2 error

Answer 4

When the research hypothesis is actually true

Question 5

What does p <0.05 mean

Answer 5

When the probability of a score occurring is less than 5%. Then we interpret it that it is unlikely to be due to chance. Reject the null (tentatively)

Question 6

When is a P value significant?

Answer 6

When it is less than 0.05

Question 7

When a result is considered significant, what are you also accepting?

Answer 7

That there is a 5% chance of making an incorrect decision

Question 8

Hypothesis testing definition

Answer 8

Systematic procedure for determining whether the results of a study, which examines a sample, provides support for a particular theory or hypothesis, which applies to a population

Question 9

How many steps are there in the process of hypothesis testing?

Answer 9

Five

Question 10

What does step one include?

Answer 10

Formulating research and null hypotheses

Question 11

What does step two include?

Answer 11

Identifying the comparison distribution

Question 12

What does step three include?

Answer 12

Determining the cut-off score

Question 13

What does step four include?

Answer 13

Where does your sample score Sit on the comparison distribution?

Question 14

What does step five include?

Answer 14

Decision time - should the null hypothesis be rejected?

Question 15

At first is the null hypothesis always assumed to be true

Answer 15

Yes (we test against it)

Question 16

When does the cut-off score need to be determined?

Answer 16

Before data is collected

Question 17

What is the most common cut of score of a distribution?

Answer 17

5%

Question 18

What happens when the obtain score exceeds the critical value (cutoff score)?

Answer 18

The null hypothesis is rejected and there is a statistically significant result

Question 19

Explain steps three and four

Answer 19

• need to determine a cut-off
• Need to find a Z score that will give you the cut-off
• Need to calculate the score for the sample you collected
• Then compare your z score to Z score that leaves 5%
• this will determine whether you reject or keep the null

Question 20

What is a directional hypothesis?

Answer 20

A hypothesis that predicts the direction of the difference between two means

It also specifies where on the curve we will be looking for our samples statistic

Question 21

Is a one or two tailed test easier to reject the null when at the same significant level

Answer 21

One tail (critical value is less extreme)

Question 22

When is a two tailed test used

Answer 22

When there is a non-directional null hypothesis (equal sign with a line through it)

Question 23

When is a one tailed test used

Answer 23

When there is a directional null hypothesis (it is predicted that the dependent variable will most probably increase than decrease and vice versa)

Question 24

When do u reject the null

Answer 24

When the sample score is greater than the cut off

Question 25

When do u keep the null hypothesis

Answer 25

When the sample score is less than the cut off (closer to the mean)

Question 26

What is the probability of making a type 1 error referred to as

Answer 26

Alpha (a)

Question 27

What is the probability of making a type 2 error referred to as

Answer 27

Beta (B)

Question 28

What is power

Answer 28

The probability of making a correct decision (reject the null) when the null hypothesis is false