Hypothesis testing

Question 1

What are statistical tests used for?

Answer 1

to systematically test whether a scientific claim is valid or not

Question 2

What does p-value show?

Answer 2

probability that your hypothesis is correct

Question 3

What is a null hypothesis?

Answer 3

a hypothesis against the research question, claiming there is no difference in the result

Question 4

Why are null hypotheses used?

Answer 4

We don’t test the research hypothesis as you can never prove something is true, but you can prove something is false

Question 5

What is the threshold for significancy?

Answer 5

p<0.05

Question 6

What is a type 1 error?

Answer 6

false positive

Question 7

what is a type 2 error?

Answer 7

false negative

Question 8

what is a binomial test?

Answer 8

uses sample data to determine if the population proportion of one level in a binary variable equals a specific claimed value.

Question 9

What are the 3 typical binomial tests?

Answer 9

Observed proportion < expected proportion

Observed proportion > expected proportion

Observed proportion =/ expected proportion

Question 10

When is the null hypothesis rejected?

Answer 10

when the p-value is below the alpha level