Hypothelamus Flashcards
Three functions
- Homeostasis
2. Integration for endocrine, autonomic & somatomotor systems
Limbic
Afferent
Efferent
Afferent: Median forebrain Bundle (MFB), Fornix, stria termialis
Efferent: MFB, Mamillothalamic tract
Brain stem/ spinal cord
Afferent
Afferent: MFB, Dorsal Longitidinal Fasiculus (DLF)
Efferent:
Retina
Afferent
Retinohypothalamic Tract
Reticula Sysytem
Efferent
Mammillotegmental tract
Autonomic Sytstem
Efferent
MFB
DLF
Endocrine SYstems
Efferent
Supraopticohypoheseal tract
Tuberoinfundibular tract
Name nuclei in supraopticohypophyseal tract
What do they produce
Supraoptic nuclei & paraventricular nuclei
AVP & Oxyctocin
What is the output of the Tuberoinfundibular tract
Anterion Pituirtay then hyposeal portal system
Role of sterois on hypthelamic circuts
Activation (transient)
Organization (permentate)
When and where do sex steroids make their change in hypothelamus
Critical period neonatal and then again at adloescence
VMN and part of POA (preoptic area)
What do presynaptic neuron secrete in reponse to Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone
Kisspeptin
Where is the master clock
Suprachiasmatic nucleus
Name the other transcription factor involved in the clock
What molecule determins their stability
TF: Clock, BMALI, CRT, PER
Casein kinase
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
Afferent
Efferent
Afferent: Retinohypothalamic tract
Efferent: VMN, PVN, LHA. Pineal
Shift work is associated with what disorder
Metabolic syndrome
Orexigenic
Stimulates Feeding
Anorexiogenic
Supress appetite
Name orexigenic peptides
Grhein, CKK, Leptin
High leptin =
High white adipose tissue
Low Leptin
Activate Orexigenic Pathways
- Enter BBB at posterior pituater
- Leptin receptors on Ac neurons that secrete AgRP & NPY
- Stimulation of PVN
- Eat more
Inhibit Arexigonic Pathways
- Low leptin inhibits POMC neurons that produce alpha - MSH
- AgRP also block alpha-MSH
Orexin
Role:
Secreted by
Disease
Caloric utilization (brown fat) and slee wake cycle
Lateral Hypothalmic Area
Nacrolepsy
Nacrolepsy
Cause
Treatment
Neuredegeneration of orexin neurons
Modafinil = Povigil
- increae orexin & dopamine signalining
