Hypoproliferative anemias

Question 1

Lab signs of hypoproliferative anemia?

Answer 1

anemia

low RC

Question 2

Why is hypersplenism causes in hypoproliferative anemia?

Answer 2

takes on rose of extramedullary hematopoiesis

Question 3

Stem cell disorders w/pancytopenia DD?

Answer 3

aplastic anemia

PNH

Question 4

Ineffective hematopoiesis w/pancytopenia DD?

Answer 4

MDS

megaloblastic anemia

Question 5

Marrow infiltration w/pancytopenia DD?

Answer 5

leukemia/lymphoma
metastatic carcinoma
myelofibrosis

Question 6

Splenic sequestration w/pancytopenia DD?

Answer 6

leukemia/lymphoma
MPNs
storage disorders
Portal hypertension

Question 7

Drugs/tx w/pancytopenia DD?

Answer 7

chem/rad
immunosuppression
other

Question 8

PB changes in megaloblastic anemia?

Answer 8

hypersegments PMNs
macrocytic anemia with oval macrocytes
anisopoikilocytosis

Question 9

BM changes in megaloblastic anemia?

Answer 9

hypercelllularity
giant bands
muclear to cytoplasmic dyssynchrony (megaloblastic change) in erythroids, grans

Question 10

What effect does 5-FU (5-fluorouracil) have on purine synthesis?

Answer 10

inhibits thymidylate synthesis

Question 11

What do chief cells secrete?

Answer 11

Acid

Question 12

What do parietal cells secrete?

Answer 12

intrinsic factor

Question 13

Causes of vitamin B12 deficiency

Answer 13

impared absorption
-IF deficiency, ileal resection, pancreatic insuff
increased req
decreased intake
tapeworm

Question 14

Symptoms of pernicious anemia?

Answer 14

megaloblastic anemia

demyelination/parasthesias/other neurologic effects

Question 15

Most common reason for IF problem?

Answer 15

autoantibodies against IF (req for dx of pernicious anemia)

Question 16

Vit B12 def labs

Answer 16

low vitB12
low RC
autoantibodies to IF or parietal cells
elevated methylmlonic acid

Question 17

Causes of folate deficiency

Answer 17

decreased intake (EtOH, poverty)
increased reqs (growth, pregnancy)
defective absorption
-jejunal resection, malabsorption
folic acid antagonists

Question 18

Symptoms of folate deficiency?

Answer 18

megaloblastic anemia

neural tube defects (spina bifida, anencephaly)

Question 19

Can you treat a B12 deficiency with folate?

Answer 19

no, anemia will reverse but neuro prolems will not

Question 20

DD fro microcytic hypochromia anemia?

Answer 20

IDA
thalassemia
ACD

Question 21

Causes of iron deficiency?

Answer 21

dietary lack
imparied absorption
increaed req
chronic blood loss (GI, menstrual)

Question 22

Another name for hte transferrin receptor?

Answer 22

CD71

Question 23

How to dx IDA?

Answer 23

microcytic, hypochromic anemia
iron studies (esp serum ferritin <12ugL)

Question 24

Iron stduies for IDA

Answer 24

RC decreased
Marrow Iron decreased
Serum ferritin decreased
Serum iron decreased
TIBC increased
% sat decreased

Question 25

Iron studies for thalassemia

Answer 25

RC increased or decreased
Marrow Iron no change/increased
Serum ferritin no change/increased
Serum iron no change/increased
TIBC no change/decreased
% sat no change/increased

Question 26

Iron studies for ACD

Answer 26

RC decreased
Marrow Iron increased
Serum ferritin increased
Serum iron decreased
TIBC no change/decreased
% sat no change/increased

Question 27

How long does it take to find increased reticulocytes in the blood?

Answer 27

5-7 days