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Pediatrics I - OSCE > Hypocalcemia > Flashcards

Hypocalcemia Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

Etiology of Hypoparathyroidism

A
  • Congenital
  • Acquired
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3
Q

Etiology of Hypoparathyroidism

  • Congenital
A
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4
Q

Etiology of Hypoparathyroidism

  • Acquired
A
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5
Q

Etiology of DiGeorge Syndrome

A
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6
Q

CP of DiGeorge Syndrome

A
  • Cardiac
  • Face
  • Neck & Mediastinum
  • Mentality
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7
Q

CP of DiGeorge Syndrome

  • Cardiac
A
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8
Q

CP of DiGeorge Syndrome

  • Eyes
A
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9
Q

CP of DiGeorge Syndrome

  • Nose
A
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10
Q

CP of DiGeorge Syndrome

  • Ears
A
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11
Q

CP of DiGeorge Syndrome

  • Mouth
A
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12
Q

CP of DiGeorge Syndrome

  • Neck & Mediastinum
A
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13
Q

CP of DiGeorge Syndrome

  • Mentality
A
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14
Q

Def of PHP

A
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15
Q

Dx of PHP

A
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16
Q

Special Types of PHP

A

Pseudo - hypoparathyroidism type 1A (PHPIA) (Albright hereditary osteodystrophy)

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17
Q

CP of Type 1A (PHPIA) (Albright hereditary osteodystrophy)

A
  • Hand
  • MSK
  • Mentality
  • Head
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18
Q

CP of Type 1A (PHPIA) (Albright hereditary osteodystrophy)

  • Hand
A
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19
Q

CP of Type 1A (PHPIA) (Albright hereditary osteodystrophy)

  • MSK
A
  • Short stature
  • Subcutaneous ossifications
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20
Q

CP of Type 1A (PHPIA) (Albright hereditary osteodystrophy)

  • Mentality
A

Mild or moderate mental retardation

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21
Q

CP of Type 1A (PHPIA) (Albright hereditary osteodystrophy)

  • Hand
A
  • Round face
  • Dental defects
  • Sensory-neural abnormalities
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23
Q

Def of Tetany

A
  • State of hyperexcitability of the neuromuscular system due to decreased ionized calcium in the blood
24
Q

Types of Tetany

25
Q

Relation between pH & Tetany

26
Q

CP of Tetany

27
Q

CP of Latent Tetany

28
Q

CP of Latent Tetany

  • Chovstek sign
A

Tapping of facial nerve in front of the ear lead to spasm of facial muscles of same side

29
Q

CP of Latent Tetany

  • Trousseau Sign
A
  • Compress upper arm with sphygmomanometer cuff with sphygmomanometer cuff with pressure between systolic and diastolic lead to carpal spasm
30
Q

CP of Latent Tetany

  • Erb’s Sign
A

Low galvanic current (<5mAm) lead to muscle contraction

31
Q

CP of Latent Tetany

  • Peroneal Sign
A

Tap peroneal nerve near head of fibula lead to pedal spasm

32
Q

CP of Manifest Tetany

33
Q

CP of Manifest Tetany

  • Carpal Spasm
34
Q

CP of Manifest Tetany

  • Pedal Spasm
A

Foot extended in position of talipes equinus position with flexion of toes

35
Q

CP of Manifest Tetany

  • Laryngeal Spasm
A

Attacks of spasmodic closure of the larynx (stridor)

36
Q

CP of Manifest Tetany

  • Convulsions
A

With loss of consciousness

37
Q

INVx for Hypocalcemia

A
  • Labs
  • Rads
  • EP
38
Q

INVx for Hypocalcemia

  • Labs
39
Q

INVx for Hypocalcemia

  • Confirmation
A

Total & ionized Ca

40
Q

INVx for Hypocalcemia

  • Other Abnormalities
A
  • Renal function and creatinine clearance
  • Serum phosphate & Mg
41
Q

INVx for Hypocalcemia

  • PTH
42
Q

INVx for Hypocalcemia

  • Other Studies
43
Q

Hypocalcemia & Addison’s Disease

44
Q

INVx for Hypocalcemia

  • Rads
45
Q

INVx for Hypocalcemia

  • ECG & EEG
46
Q

Lab INVx for different causes of hypocalcemia

47
Q

TTT of Hypocalcemia

A
  • Emergency
  • Maintainence
48
Q

TTT of Hypocalcemia

  • Emergency TTT
49
Q

Emergency TTT of Hypocalcemia

  • Calcium Gluconate
50
Q

Emergency TTT of Hypocalcemia

  • Calcitriol (1,25 OH D3)
51
Q

Manintenance TTT of Hypocalcemia

52
Q

Manintenance TTT of Hypocalcemia

  • Avoid food rich in PO4
53
Q

Manintenance TTT of Hypocalcemia

  • Vit D
54
Q

Manintenance TTT of Hypocalcemia

  • Calcium

Pediatrics I - OSCE (20 decks)

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